Abstract: A process for preparing precipitated silica, is disclosed. The process includes preparing an aqueous solution of sodium silicate having a pH in a range of 10.6 to 10.8, simultaneously adding to said aqueous solution of sodium silicate, a sodium silicate solution, water and an acid in at least two phases to obtain a reaction mixture, wherein in an initial phase the sodium silicate solution, the water and the acid is added till the sodium ion concentration of the reaction mixture is in range of 0.13 normal to 0.57 normal and in a final phase the sodium silicate solution, the water and the acid is added till the sodium ion concentration of the reaction mixture is in a range of 0.3 to 0.9 normal; acidifying the reaction mixture with the acid to a pH in a range of 3 to 4.5, aging the reaction mixture to obtain precipitated silica and recovering the precipitated silica from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A process for preparing precipitated silica, is disclosed. The process includes preparing an aqueous solution of sodium silicate having a pH in a range of 10.6 to 10.8, simultaneously adding to said aqueous solution of sodium silicate, a sodium silicate solution, water and an acid in at least two phases to obtain a reaction mixture, wherein in an initial phase the sodium silicate solution, the water and the acid is added till the sodium ion concentration of the reaction mixture is in range of 0.13 normal to 0.57 normal and in a final phase the sodium silicate solution, the water and the acid is added till the sodium ion concentration of the reaction mixture is in a range of 0.3 to 0.9 normal; acidifying the reaction mixture with the acid to a pH in a range of 3 to 4.5, aging the reaction mixture to obtain precipitated silica and recovering the precipitated silica from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm. The methods for making cement may include: providing a mixture of compounds containing the required calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron to provide at least one of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, other calcium silicates, aluminates, ferrites, and silicates or combinations thereof; adding a fuel source and an oxidizer to the mixture of compounds; and heating the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer such that the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer ignite to form the at least one tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing alkyl esters, the process comprising reacting a feedstock that includes one or more fatty acid glycerol esters or one or more fatty acid or mixture thereof with a C1 to C4 alcohol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature substantially 100° C. or more, the catalyst including a catalyst composition comprising oxides, mixed oxides, silicates or sulphates of two or more of silica, aluminium, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium.

Abstract: Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods for making micron/nano sized (2 nm to 5 ?m) particles of various inorganic materials such as mineral/oxides/sulphides/metals/ceramics using aqueous foam, Aqueous foams of various anionic, cationic, non-ionic surfactant, casein proteins and their mixtures has been used for the preparation of suitable inorganic materials growth. Large scale synthesis of advanced inorganic materials such as various ceramics, minerals, oxides, sulphides and metal micron/nanoparticles of controlled shape and size can be obtained by mixing appropriate metal ions with the suitable cationic/anionic/non-ionic/casein protein/their mixtures, which is bubbled by air to form aqueous foams and thereafter their reduction/reaction to form the final product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biological process for the synthesis of oxide nanoparticles by simple exposure of suitable aqueous metal ions to a hydrolyzing fungus. The method specifically comprises reacting of a suitable electrolyte solution with a hydrolyzing wet fungus.

Abstract: This invention relates to a biological process for the preparation of shape and polymorph controlled mineral crystals by simple growth of roots from various seeds to a suitable aqueous metal ion.