Abstract: A multi-layer software controlled antenna. A radiating patch is provided over a variable dielectric constant (VDC) plate. Variable DC potential is applied across the VDC plate to control the effective dielectric constant at various locations of the VDC plate. RF signal is coupled between a feed patch and a delay line, and the delay line couples the RF signal to the radiating patch. The radiating patch, VDC plate, delay line, and feed patch are each provided at a different layer of the antenna, so as to decouple the RF and DC signal paths. A controller executes a software program to thereby control the variable DC potential applied across the VDC plate, thereby controlling the operational characteristics of the antenna.

Abstract: A multi-layer antenna having radiation layer including radiating elements; transmission layer including delay lines for coupling the RF signal to the radiating elements; control layer comprising variable dielectric constant (VDC) plate; RF coupling layer including arrangements for coupling RF signal to each of the delay lines; ground layer functioning as ground for the RF signal. The ground layer may also function as ground for the VDC control signal. The ground plane may comprise a plurality of conductive ground patches, each conductive ground patch separated from a neighboring conductive ground patch by a distance that appears as a break for a square wave signal of up to 400 Hz, but appears as a short for the RF signal. It is beneficial to make the separation not larger than a tenth of the wavelength of the RF signal.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a variable dielectric constant (VDC) layer; a plurality of radiating patches provided over the VDC layer; a plurality of signal lines, each terminating in alignment below one of the radiating patches; a plurality of control lines, each corresponding to one of the signal lines; a ground plane; wherein the VDC layer comprises a plurality of liquid crystal sublayers stacked on each other.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a variable dielectric constant (VDC) layer; a plurality of radiating patches provided over the VDC layer; a plurality of signal lines, each terminating in alignment below one of the radiating patches; a plurality of control lines, each corresponding to one of the signal lines; a ground plane; wherein the VDC layer comprises: a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) layer or a PDLC layer in a polymerized and sheared state.

Abstract: A multi-state variable dielectric antenna, comprising: a top dielectric; a bottom dielectric; a variable dielectric plate between the top dielectric and the bottom dielectric; a plurality of conductive devices provided over the variable dielectric plate; an RF feed provided below the bottom dielectric; wherein the variable dielectric plate comprises: a top binder; a bottom binder; variable dielectric constant material provided between the top binder and bottom binder, the variable dielectric constant material divided into pixels, each pixel located below a corresponding conductive device and having a plurality of electrodes; a plurality of conductive lines, each conductive line connected independently to one of the electrodes and to a controller, such that each of the plurality of electrodes of a single pixel independently receives an activation signal from the controller.

Abstract: Electrical devices having variable electrical properties. The variable electrical characteristics or operation of the devices are based on the potential applied to a variable-dielectric constant sector associated with the device. The electronic devices or component may include bends, power splitters, filters, ports, phase shifters, frequency shifters, attenuators, couplers, capacitors, inductors, diplexers, hybrids of beam forming networks.

Abstract: A phase shifter includes an input port, a first coupling line connected to the input port, an output port, and a second coupling line connected to the output port and arranged substantially parallel to the first coupling line. The phase shifter also includes a substrate disposed between the first coupling line and the second coupling line, a first variable capacitor disposed on the first coupling line, and a second variable capacitor disposed on the second coupling line. Adjustment of one or more of the variable capacitors causes a phase shift between the input port and the output port.

Abstract: An antenna array having radiating elements and delay lines provided over a sandwich of layers that includes variable dielectric-constant material. The value of the variable dielectric-constant material at various points over the antenna is controlled via software, hence changing the operational characteristics of the antenna using software. The sandwich of layers may be a standard flat panel display, wherein images depicted on the flat panel display are software controlled with a program designed to change the dielectric constant, thus providing scanning and tuning ability to the array. That is, different images are programmed according to specifically desired change in the dielectric property of different pixels under different patches or feed-lines of the array, thereby controlling the frequency and/or directivity of the array.

Abstract: An interdigital capacitor low loss and high resolution phase shifter is disclosed. The phase shifter includes an input port, a first electrode connected to the input port, an output port and a second electrode connected to the output port and arranged substantially parallel to the first electrode. The phase shifter also includes a substrate disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, a first variable capacitor disposed on the first electrode and a second variable capacitor disposed on the second electrode. Adjustment of one or more of the variable capacitors causes a phase shift between the input port and the output port.

Abstract: A multi-layer antenna having radiation layer including radiating elements; transmission layer including delay lines for coupling the RF signal to the radiating elements; control layer comprising variable dielectric constant (VDC) plate; RF coupling layer including arrangements for coupling RF signal to each of the delay lines; ground layer functioning as ground for the RF signal. The ground layer may also function as ground for the VDC control signal. The ground plane may comprise a plurality of conductive ground patches, each conductive ground patch separated from a neighboring conductive ground patch by a distance that appears as a break for a square wave signal of up to 400 Hz, but appears as a short for the RF signal. It is beneficial to make the separation not larger than a tenth of the wavelength of the RF signal.

Abstract: An electro-magnetic transmission line system having very low loss, which includes a low dielectric material proximate to a conductor on one side, a conductor on the opposite side and a substrate to which at least one of the conductors are attached. Also an antenna is provided, which incorporate the electro-magnetic transmission line system to transmit the radiation energy.

Abstract: A method for modifying a communication signal for transmission from a source to a destination includes identifying, by data processing hardware, a target platform for communication with a communication device. The method includes establishing a communication connection between the target platform and the communication device and identifying an available communication channel for communicating data between the target platform and the communication device. The method also includes modifying a communication signal by multiplying the communication signal with a pseudo random noise spreading code. The method also includes causing transmission of the modified communication signal from the communication device to the target platform through the available communication channel. The modified communication signal is transmitted below a thermal noise of the available communication channel.

Abstract: An antenna is fabricated by: passing first dielectric strip through metallization station and forming a plurality of radiating patches on top surface of the first dielectric strip and a plurality of delay lines on bottom surface of the first dielectric strip; passing a second dielectric strip through metallization station and forming a common ground on top surface of the second dielectric strip and a plurality of feed lines on bottom surface of the second dielectric strip; passing the first and second dielectric strips through an alignment material deposition station and depositing an alignment layer; depositing spacers; depositing liquid crystal material over the top surface of the second dielectric strip or over the bottom surface of the first dielectric strip; adhering the first and second dielectric strips together to form a multi-layer strip; cutting the multi-layer strip into individual antennas.

Abstract: An antenna array having radiating elements and delay lines provided over a sandwich of layers that includes variable dielectric-constant material. The value of the variable dielectric-constant material at various points over the antenna is controlled via software, hence changing the operational characteristics of the antenna using software. The sandwich of layers may be a standard flat panel display, wherein images depicted on the flat panel display are software controlled with a program designed to change the dielectric constant, thus providing scanning and tuning ability to the array. That is, different images are programmed according to specifically desired change in the dielectric property of different pixels under different patches or feed-lines of the array, thereby controlling the frequency and/or directivity of the array.

Abstract: Electrical devices having variable electrical properties. The variable electrical characteristics or operation of the devices are based on the potential applied to a variable-dielectric constant sector associated with the device. The electronic devices or component may include bends, power splitters, filters, ports, phase shifters, frequency shifters, attenuators, couplers, capacitors, inductors, diplexers, hybrids of beam forming networks.

Abstract: A multi-layer software controlled antenna. A radiating patch is provided over a variable dielectric constant (VDC) plate. Variable DC potential is applied across the VDC plate to control the effective dielectric constant at various locations of the VDC plate. RF signal is coupled between a feed patch and a delay line, and the delay line couples the RF signal to the radiating patch. The radiating patch, VDC plate, delay line, and feed patch are each provided at a different layer of the antenna, so as to decouple the RF and DC signal paths. A controller executes a software program to thereby control the variable DC potential applied across the VDC plate, thereby controlling the operational characteristics of the antenna.

Abstract: A method for modifying a communication signal for transmission from a source to a destination includes identifying a target platform for communicating with a communication device and establishing a communication connection between the target platform and the communication device. The method includes identifying an available communication channel for communicating data between the target platform and the communication device, and receiving control inputs from one or more sensors. The method also includes determining a pseudo random noise spreading code based on the received control inputs, and modifying a communication signal by multiplying the communication signal with the pseudo random noise spreading code. Additionally, the method includes causing transmission of the modified communication signal from the communication device to the target platform through the available communication channel, the modified communication signal being transmitted below a thermal noise of the available communication channel.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a radio frequency transceiver. The transceiver includes a modulator for modulating a data signal onto one or more carrier signals to generate a modulated signal and a power amplifier for amplifying the modulated signal. The transceiver also includes a data pre-distorter (DPD) for pre-distorting the data signal using a look-up table that represents a non-linear transfer function that is an inverse of the non-linear transfer function of the power amplifier. The DPD selects one or more look-up tables based on a feedback signal corresponding to a power level and/or a phase of the output of the power amplifier. The transmitter also includes a controller for comparing the output of the power amplifier to a desired output level and upon sensing changes, altering the amplitude and phase of the feedback signal to substantially constant values.

Abstract: An antenna includes a receiver, a horn, a lens, and an anti-reflection layer. The horn has a first end disposed on the receiver and a second end defining an aperture positioned opposite the receiver. The lens is disposed within the aperture of the horn and has a first surface facing inward toward the receiver and a second surface opposite the first surface and facing outward away from the horn. The anti-reflection layer includes a dielectric material and is disposed on the first surface of the lens. Moreover, the anti-reflection layer defines holes arranged in a 50/50 material to void ratio and that have a thickness of a quarter wavelength of a signal received by the antenna.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a radio frequency transceiver. The transceiver includes a modulator for modulating a data signal onto one or more carrier signals to generate a modulated signal and a power amplifier for amplifying the modulated signal. The transceiver also includes a data pre-distorter (DPD) for pre-distorting the data signal using a look-up table that represents a non-linear transfer function that is an inverse of the non-linear transfer function of the power amplifier. The DPD selects one or more look-up tables based on a feedback signal corresponding to a power level and/or a phase of the output of the power amplifier. The transmitter also includes a controller for comparing the output of the power amplifier to a desired output level and upon sensing changes, altering the amplitude and phase of the feedback signal to substantially constant values.