Abstract: Air holding spaces are incorporated into a ring attached by arms to a driveshaft supported on sealed bearings in a vessel containing saline water. Air compressed by a blower or air compressor, powered by external power (i.e. prime mover), is injected into the air holding spaces by injectors. The spaces ascend due to their buoyancy, imparting a rotary motion to the driveshaft. Energy developed is transmitted through the driveshaft to an electric generator powering the system control computer, sensors and valves. Energy is also used to rotate a water pump which draws in saline water and pumps it to a saline water tank at the top of the vessel, where it circulates through an array of water holding tubes of thermally conductive material. Heat generated by the compression of the injected air is conducted to the saline water. This heat and the molecular agitation of the water by the ascending air causes the water molecules at the surface to evaporate into the vapor state.

Abstract: A steady state swimming pool heat exchanger designed to warm the water in swimming pools by the conducting of heat from the constant heat reservoir of the earth into the water in the pool through a heat-conducting rod sunk vertically into the earth beneath the pool. Attached to the rod is a contact plate, mounted on the floor of the pool, which transfers heat energy from the rod to the water. In temperate climates, the earth maintains a constant level of heat of 65 to 70 degrees at a depth of approximately 10 meters. The contact between the earth and the water in the pool provides a steady state transfer of heat to warm the water when the water temperature is below that of the earth reservoir. A non-conducting cover is provided to restrict the heat flux when heating or cooling of the water is not desired.

Abstract: A buoyancy engine having a plurality of vertically stacked drive units, immersed in a vessel of mercury, and rotatably mounted on axial drive shafts supported on sealed bearings in the vessel walls. The drive units are composed of capture modules, incorporating electromagnetic fields, fixed to the extreme ends of a plurality of arms extending from the drive shafts. The capture modules are designed to hold rigid-walled buoyant capsules injected through a pressurized airlock. When operating, drive units have capture modules moving upward, due to the buoyancy of the capsules, and empty capture modules moving downward. As a capture module containing a capsule reaches the top of its lifting arc, its electromagnetic field switches off and allows the capsule to be released into the next subsequent drive unit's lowermost capture module.

Abstract: A buoyancy engine having a plurality of pistons in cylinders is immersed in a vessel of liquid. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted on sealed bearings in the vessels walls. The pistons are attached to the crankshaft by connecting rods. The pistons are designed to hold relatively buoyant compressed air injected into them by computer controlled injectors. When operating, the crankshaft has one or more pistons moving upward due to the buoyancy of the air which they contain, and one or more empty pistons moving downward.