Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an automatic transfer switch including a source pole coupled with a power source, a first load pole coupled with a first load, a second load pole coupled with a second load, a first switch selectively coupling the first load pole to the source pole, and a second switch selectively coupling the second load pole to the source pole.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an alternator including a stator and a rotor structured to be coupled to a crankshaft of a prime mover, and processing circuits structured to: determine a crankshaft position, associate a crankshaft timestamp with the crankshaft position, determine a stator voltage waveform position, associate a stator voltage waveform timestamp with the stator voltage waveform position, determine a common time base using the crankshaft timestamp and the stator voltage waveform timestamp, determine a rotor position based on the crankshaft position and associated with the common time base, determine a load angle based on the rotor position and the stator voltage waveform position using the common time base, compare the load angle to a stability limit, and transmit a predicted pole slip signal to at least one of the prime mover or the alternator to inhibit a pole slip event when the load angle exceeds the stability limit.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an automatic transfer switch including a source pole coupled with a power source, a first load pole coupled with a first load, a second load pole coupled with a second load, a first switch selectively coupling the first load pole to the source pole, and a second switch selectively coupling the second load pole to the source pole.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an alternator including a stator and a rotor structured to be coupled to a crankshaft of a prime mover, and processing circuits structured to: determine a crankshaft position, associate a crankshaft timestamp with the crankshaft position, determine a stator voltage waveform position, associate a stator voltage waveform timestamp with the stator voltage waveform position, determine a common time base using the crankshaft timestamp and the stator voltage waveform timestamp, determine a rotor position based on the crankshaft position and associated with the common time base, determine a load angle based on the rotor position and the stator voltage waveform position using the common time base, compare the load angle to a stability limit, and transmit a predicted pole slip signal to at least one of the prime mover or the alternator to inhibit a pole slip event when the load angle exceeds the stability limit.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an automatic transfer switch including a source pole coupled with a power source, a first load pole coupled with a first load, a second load pole coupled with a second load, a first switch selectively coupling the first load pole to the source pole, and a second switch selectively coupling the second load pole to the source pole.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include a generator set including an electric generator, a sensor structured to provide a diagnostic signal, a controller, a light source, and a computer readable storage medium. The controller is configured to receive the diagnostic signal, determine an information code based on the diagnostic signal, and convert the information code to a flash sequence. The light source is configured to receive and output the flash sequence. The computer readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon that, upon execution by a processing circuit of a mobile device including an image capturing device and a display, cause the processing circuit to capture the flash sequence with the image capturing device, translate the flash sequence into information relating to the generator set, and provide the information on the display.

Abstract: The process can include, during a first and second period of time, sending a first stream of oxygen rich gas from an ASU to a first oxygen consuming unit, the first unit being integrated with a system for the generation of electricity, during the first period of time, sending a second stream of oxygen rich gas from the ASU to a second unit, the second unit being a combustion unit, a first stream of air being supplied to the combustion unit during the first period, removing a second CO2 containing gas from the second unit without sending any of the second CO2 containing gas back to the second unit and during the second period of time, sending no oxygen rich gas from the ASU to the second unit without sending any of the third CO2 containing gas back to the second unit.

Abstract: The process can include, during a first and second period of time, sending a first stream of oxygen rich gas from an ASU to a first oxygen consuming unit, the first unit being integrated with a system for the generation of electricity, during the first period of time, sending a second stream of oxygen rich gas from the ASU to a second unit, the second unit being a combustion unit, a first stream of air being supplied to the combustion unit during the first period, removing a second CO2 containing gas from the second unit without sending any of the second CO2 containing gas back to the second unit and during the second period of time, sending no oxygen rich gas from the ASU to the second unit without sending any of the third CO2 containing gas back to the second unit.

Abstract: A method for detecting failures in a fuel system of a motor vehicle including monitoring a feed-forward table of a fuel pump controller that is electrically connected to a fuel pump of the fuel system. The fuel pump controller is electrically connected to a rail pressure sensor, which is coupled to the fuel injector rail. The actual fuel injector rail pressure measured by the rail pressure sensor is compared to a desired fuel injector rail pressure associated with the feed-forward table. The feed-forward table is adjusted if the actual fuel injector rail pressure is less than the desired fuel injector rail pressure. A fuel system error is signaled if an adjusted feed-forward table differs from an initial feed-forward table. A fuel system failure is signaled of the adjusted feed-forward table requires a saturation voltage of the controller.

Abstract: A method for detecting failures in a fuel system of a motor vehicle including monitoring a feed-forward table of a fuel pump controller that is electrically connected to a fuel pump of the fuel system. The fuel pump controller is electrically connected to a rail pressure sensor, which is coupled to the fuel injector rail. The actual fuel injector rail pressure measured by the rail pressure sensor is compared to a desired fuel injector rail pressure associated with the feed-forward table. The feed-forward table is adjusted if the actual fuel injector rail pressure is less than the desired fuel injector rail pressure. A fuel system error is signaled if an adjusted feed-forward table differs from an initial feed-forward table. A fuel system failure is signaled of the adjusted feed-forward table requires a saturation voltage of the controller.

Abstract: A cyclone furnace and method uses a cyclone burner having a cyclone barrel with a re-entrant throat connected to a main furnace for passing combustion products including flue gas that is rich in carbon dioxide. Crushed coal and oxygen are supplied the cyclone burner and at least some of the flue gas from the main furnace is recirculated to the cyclone barrel.

Abstract: A method of halogenating coal prior to combustion, wherein the coal is treated with a halogen prior to pulverization and the pulverized halogenated coal is delivered to a burner as fuel for a combustion process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for determining engine stop position and includes an engine tracking subsystem and a throttle control subsystem. The engine tracking subsystem is coupled to the engine and determines the engine position by sensing rotation of the crankshaft. Once the engine controller receives an engine shutdown signal, the throttle is controlled to lower the air pressure in the intake manifold of the engine. Lowered as such, the resulting reversal torque caused by compression of air in the cylinders is smaller than the friction load torque of the engine and engine reversal is eliminated or substantially reduced. When the engine has stopped, the engine tracking system stores the last engine position for use during the next engine startup.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for determining engine stop position and includes an engine tracking subsystem and a throttle control subsystem. The engine tracking subsystem is coupled to the engine and determines the engine position by sensing rotation of the crankshaft. Once the engine controller receives an engine shutdown signal, the throttle is controlled to lower the air pressure in the intake manifold of the engine. Lowered as such, the resulting reversal torque caused by compression of air in the cylinders is smaller than the friction load torque of the engine and engine reversal is eliminated or substantially reduced. When the engine has stopped, the engine tracking system stores the last engine position for use during the next engine startup.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling pressure within a common rail fluid distribution system use variable gains for a PID and feed forward controller that controls a pump that pressurizes the common rail. The pressure controller implements a combined feedback/feed forward control strategy with variable gains based on engine speed and a fluid quantity. In one embodiment, the feedback control loop includes proportional, integral, and derivative terms with variable gains determined based on pumped fuel quantity and engine speed. Alternatively, the proportional, integral, and derivative gains are determined based on injected fuel quantity per engine cycle and engine speed, or based on pump output, i.e. the product of pumped fluid quantity and engine speed. A variable gain feed forward control has its gain based on pumped fuel per cycle and engine speed, or alternatively based on pump output per unit time.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a throttle of an electronic throttle control-equipped engine including providing a throttle position feedback signal as a function of integer counts, each of the counts representing a resolution of a predetermined angle of actual throttle position, providing a desired throttle position command as a setpoint value being a function of half counts and generating an error signal representing a difference between the desired throttle position command value and the throttle position feedback signal value. A relay output signal is generated in response to the error signal, the relay output signal having one of two values depending upon a sign of the error signal and a direction of change of the error signal. A throttle actuator command is then generated as a function of the relay output signal value having a half count resolution.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a throttle of an electronic throttle control-equipped engine including providing a throttle position feedback signal as a function of integer counts, each of the counts representing a resolution of a predetermined angle of actual throttle position, providing a desired throttle position command as a setpoint value being a function of half counts and generating an error signal representing a difference between the desired throttle position command value and the throttle position feedback signal value. A relay output signal is generated in response to the error signal, the relay output signal having one of two values depending upon a sign of the error signal and a direction of change of the error signal. A throttle actuator command is then generated as a function of the relay output signal value having a half count resolution.

Abstract: A method for controlling a positioning device of an internal combustion engine includes the steps of: providing an electric motor for actuating the positioning device with the positioning device applying a torque to the; detecting a commanded position of the positioning device; detecting a sensed position of the positioning device; forming a damping term based upon the sensed position; forming a dynamic feedforward term based upon the commanded position; and forming a control action based separately upon the damping term and the dynamic feedforward term.

Abstract: A method for controlling a positioning device of an internal combustion engine includes the steps of: providing an electric motor for actuating the positioning device with the positioning device applying a torque to the; detecting a commanded position of the positioning device; detecting a sensed position of the positioning device; forming a damping term based upon the sensed position; forming a dynamic feedforward term based upon the commanded position; and forming a control action based separately upon the damping term and the dynamic feedforward term.