Abstract: A capacitor-assisted electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions is provided. The capacitor-assisted electrode may include at least two electroactive materials disposed on one or more surfaces of a current collector. A first electroactive material of the at least two electroactive materials may have a first reversible specific capacity and forms a first electroactive material having a first press density. A second electroactive material of the at least two electroactive materials has a second reversible specific capacity and forms a second electroactive material having a second press density. The second reversible specific capacity may be different from the first reversible specific capacity. The second press density may be different from the first press density. One or more capacitor materials may be disposed on or intermingled with one or more of the at least two electroactive materials.

Abstract: A negative electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions includes a particulate component embedded in a polymeric matrix component that comprises polytetrafluoroethylene. The particulate component includes a plurality of composite particles, with each of the composite particles having a core and a selective barrier layer disposed on a surface of the core. The core of each of the composite particles includes an electroactive negative electrode material. The selective barrier layer of each of the composite particles is formulated to prevent or inhibit electrochemical reactions from occurring between lithium stored in the electroactive negative electrode material of the core and the polytetrafluoroethylene in the polymeric matrix component.

Abstract: A pouch-type, capacitor-assisted battery cell includes: N negative electrodes, where N is an integer greater than one, each of the N negative electrodes includes a first current collector, first particulate electrode material, and a first tab; P positive electrodes, where: P-M ones of the P positive electrodes include a second current collector, second particulate electrode material, and a second tab, M ones of the P positive electrodes include a third current collector, third particulate electrode material including activated carbon (AC) arranged on opposite sides of the third current collector, and a third tab, and P=N?1 and M=2; separators arranged between the N negative electrodes and the P positive electrodes; and a pouch enclosure surrounding the N negative electrodes, the P positive electrodes and the separators; where the M ones of the P positive electrodes are located approximately equidistant from a center of the P positive electrodes.

Abstract: An active material component of a composition for forming an electrode of a battery in a dry process is provided. The active material component includes a dry powder including a plurality of grains of an active material. The active material component further includes an electrically conductive filler material attached to each of the plurality of grains.

Abstract: A capacitor-assisted battery module includes a housing, a positive terminal, a negative terminal, one or more capacitor-assisted battery cells and one or more first switches. The one or more capacitor-assisted battery cells are disposed in the housing and include one or more battery terminals and one or more capacitor terminals. The one or more battery terminals are connected to battery electrodes. The one or more capacitor terminals are connected to capacitor electrodes. At least one of the one or more battery terminals and the capacitor terminals is connected to the negative terminal. One or more first switches is configured to connect the one or more capacitor terminals to the positive terminal. An overall voltage of the capacitor assisted battery module is measured across the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

Abstract: A pre-lithiated, precursor electrode includes an electroactive material layer, a current collector, and a lithium foil disposed between the electroactive material layer and the current collector. A method of preparing an electrode to be used in an electrochemical cell is provide. The method includes preparing a pre-lithiated, precursor electrode. Preparing the pre-lithiated precursor electrode includes contacting at least a first electroactive material layer with a first surface of a lithium foil assembly, where the lithium foil assembly includes a current collector and at least a first lithium foil disposed on or adjacent to a first surface of the current collector. The method may further include contacting the prelithiated, precursor electrode with an electrolyte in the electrochemical cell, where the first lithium foil at least partially or fully dissolves when contacted by the electrolyte to form the electrode and a lithium reservoir in the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrode for an electrochemical cell. The electrode includes a polymer binder network and a plurality of electroactive material particles. The polymer binder network includes a plurality of fibers defining the polymer binder network. Each of the plurality of fibers includes a plurality of beads and a plurality of filaments. The plurality of filaments extends from at least a portion of the plurality of beads, respectively. The plurality of electroactive material particles is in voids of the polymer binder network. In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a single- or double-sided electrode component including a current collector and the electrode.

Abstract: A bipolar capacitor assisted battery includes a bipolar capacitor including a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The second capacitor is connected in series with the first capacitor. A lithium ion battery is connected in parallel to the bipolar capacitor.

Abstract: Hybrid lithium-ion electrochemical cells include a first electrode having a first polarity and a first electroactive material that reversibly cycles lithium ions having a first maximum operational voltage and a second electrode having the first polarity with a second electroactive material having a second maximum operational voltage. A difference between the second and first maximum operational voltages defines a predetermined voltage difference. Also included are at least one third electrode including a third electroactive material that reversibly cycles lithium ions having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, a separator, and electrolyte. A voltage modification component (e.g., diode) is in electrical communication with the first and the second electrodes.

Abstract: A vehicle system is provided and includes a modular dynamically allocated capacity storage system (MODACS) and an active management module. The MODACS includes blocks of cells. The active management module is configured to: detect a first state of a first block of cells of the blocks of cells; determine whether a safety fault condition exists with the first block of cells based on the first state of the first block of cells; in response to detecting existence of the safety fault condition, isolate the first block of cells from other ones of the blocks of cells; subsequent to isolating the first block of cells, actively discharge and detect a second state of the first block of cells; and based on the second state, continue isolating the first block of cells or reconnecting the first block of cells such that the first block of cells is no longer isolated.

Abstract: A capacitor assisted battery module includes a first diode including an anode and a cathode. A second diode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode at a first node. A first capacitor assisted battery (CAB) block includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal and N CABs, where N is an integer greater than zero. The positive terminal of the first CAB block is connected to the cathode of the first diode. A second capacitor assisted battery (CAB) block includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal and N CABs, wherein the negative terminal of the second CAB block is connected to the anode of the second diode. The negative terminal of the first CAB block and the positive terminal of the second CAB block are connected to a second node.

Abstract: A system for vehicle battery heating is provided. The system includes a battery, including a plurality of battery cells. The system further includes a computerized battery controller operable to selectively energize a portion of the battery cells to provide an increased temperature of the portion of the battery cells. The portion of the battery cells may be energized in a distributed pattern or a focused pattern.

Abstract: An anode electrode with enhanced state of charge estimation is provided. The anode electrode comprises anode layer and a negative current collector. The negative current collector has a first side and a second side. The anode layer comprises lithium-titanium oxide and a second anode material (e.g. niobium-titanium oxide) disposed on at least one of the first and second sides of the negative current collector with single-layer or layer-by-layer coated structures. The second anode material (e.g. niobium-titanium oxide) can be physically blended with lithium-titanium oxide or be at least partially coated on the surface of lithium-titanium oxide or their combinations. The anode electrode further comprises a binder and a conductive carbon.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a negative electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The negative electrode may include a negative electroactive material and a lithiation additive. The negative electroactive material may have a first cell voltage window. The lithiation additive may have a second cell voltage window. The second cell voltage window may be less than the first cell voltage window. When the electrochemical cell is operated in the second cell voltage window, the lithiation additive may lithiated the cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrochemical cell that includes a double-sided electrode. The double-sided electrode includes a first electroactive material layer, a second electroactive material layer, and a current collector disposed between the first and second electroactive material layers. Each of the first and second electroactive material layers may include a plurality of electroactive material sub-films and a plurality of buffer layers disposed between adjacent electroactive material sub-films. The electrochemical cell further includes a first single-sided electrode substantially aligned with the first electroactive material layer; a first separator physically separating the first single-sided electrode and the first electroactive material layer; a second single-sided electrode substantially aligned with the second electroactive material layer; and a second separator physically separating the second single-sided electrode and the second electroactive material layer.

Abstract: A material including TiO2 nanoparticles at least partially embedded in a matrix material of TixNbyOz, where 0<x?2, 0<y?24, and 0<z?62, is provided. Methods of making the material are also provided.

Abstract: A hybrid lithium ion capacitor battery and method of making the same is disclosed. The hybrid lithium ion capacitor battery includes a positive electrode separated from a negative electrode by a separator layer. A first activated carbon layer is disposed between the separator layer and one of the positive and negative electrodes. The first activated carbon layer is coated on a first surface of the separator layer. A second activated carbon layer is disposed between the separator layer and the other of the positive and negative electrodes. The second activated carbon layer is coated on a second surface of the separator layer. A first current collector coextensively contacts the first electrode and a second current collector coextensively contacts the second electrode. An electrolytic solution carries lithium cations between the positive and negative electrodes through the activated carbon coated separator layer.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a softened solid-state electrolyte, comprises an oxide-based solid-state electrolyte, where at least a portion of the oxide anions in the oxide-based solid-state electrolyte is replaced with a replacement anion. In another embodiment, a softened solid-state electrolyte comprises a sulfide-based solid-state electrolyte, wherein at least a portion of the sulfide anions in the sulfide-based solid-state electrolyte is replaced with the replacement anion. When the replacement anion replaces the oxide anion, the replacement anion has a larger atomic radius than the oxide anion and when the replacement anion replaces the sulfide anion, the replacement anion has a larger atomic radius than the sulfide anion.

Abstract: An electrochemical device according to various aspects of the present disclosure includes an electrochemical cell and an inductor coil. The electrochemical cell includes a current collector. the current collector includes an electrically-conductive material. The inductor coil is configured to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field is configured to induce an eddy current in the current collector to generate heat in the current collector. In various aspects, the present disclosure also provides a method of internally heating an electrochemical cell. In various aspects, the present disclosure also provides a method of controlling heating of an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: An asymmetric hybrid electrode for a capacitor-assisted battery includes a current and first and second electroactive portions. The first electroactive portion is on a first surface of the current collector. The first electroactive portion includes a first battery layer. The first battery layer includes a first battery electroactive material and a first binder. The second electroactive portion is on a second surface of the current collector opposite the first surface. The second electroactive portion includes a second battery layer and a capacitive layer. The second battery layer includes a second battery electroactive material and a second binder. The capacitive layer includes a capacitive electroactive material and a third binder. The first and second electroactive portions are asymmetric. The first and second battery electroactive materials are both positive electroactive materials or both negative electroactive materials. The asymmetric hybrid electrode has a capacitor hybridization ratio of 0.01-1%.