Abstract: A tubular LED lamp to be used with an external electronic power controlling device which is adapted to provide an input voltage to the lamp, comprising: a LED unit; a driving circuit for the LED unit; and a safety detection circuit adapted to detect whether the tubular LED lamp is correctly connected to an external lamp fixture; characterized in that further comprising: a holding current providing circuit adapted to provide a holding current through the electronic controlling device so as to maintain the electronic controlling device to be conductive; and a controlling circuit adapted to synchronize the safety detection circuit with the holding current providing circuit such that the safety detection circuit is adapted to carry out the detection when the hold current providing circuit is adapted to provide the holding current and the electronic controlling device is conductive; wherein the controlling circuit is adapted to deactivate the holding current providing circuit and the safety detection circuit after

Abstract: A rectifying arrangement for an LED driver comprising a rectifying circuit and a clamping arrangement provides a low-impedance path between input terminals of the rectifying circuit in response to an abnormal operation of the rectifying arrangement, such as an open circuit of one rectifying branch of the rectifying arrangement. The low-impedance path is maintained for a plurality of cycles of an AC power supply provided to the rectifying circuit, and can be maintained on a (semi-)permanent basis.

Abstract: A lamp has a safety circuit connected to first and second electrical connection terminals. A test is used to detect if the first and second electrical connection terminals are both connected to external power without an interfering impedance such a human body, and only then enable operation of the lamp. A time for the test is different from a time when another lamp in the system applies a test.

Abstract: A lamp has a safety circuit connected to first and second electrical connection terminals. A test is used to detect if the first and second electrical connection terminals are both connected to external power without an interfering impedance such a human body, and only then enable operation of the lamp. A time for the test is different from a time when another lamp in the system applies a test.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure involve a detection circuit for a tube and a tube including the detection circuit. The detection circuit comprises: impedance connected between two ends of a tube; a voltage detector configured to detect voltage on the impedance; a voltage threshold circuit configured to provide a voltage threshold; a first control circuit configured to compare voltage across the two ends of the tube to the voltage threshold, and to control the voltage detector to detect only when the voltage across the two ends of the tube is smaller than the voltage threshold. By using the detection circuit of the present disclosure, it can detect whether a human body contacts the tube under protection state, to avoid of the risk of getting an electrical shock.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure involve a detection circuit for a tube and a tube including the detection circuit. The detection circuit comprises: impedance connected between two ends of a tube; a voltage detector configured to detect voltage on the impedance; a voltage threshold circuit configured to provide a voltage threshold; a first control circuit configured to compare voltage across the two ends of the tube to the voltage threshold, and to control the voltage detector to detect only when the voltage across the two ends of the tube is smaller than the voltage threshold. By using the detection circuit of the present disclosure, it can detect whether a human body contacts the tube under protection state, to avoid of the risk of getting an electrical shock.

Abstract: A method and system for providing secure internet access and services are disclosed. The method includes receiving a request for services from a user terminal, the request including user terminal data; sending the user terminal data to a security server; and receiving a security level of the user terminal from the security server. The security server determines the security level of the user terminal based on historical user data related to the user terminal. The method further includes initiating a verification process based on the security level of the user terminal.

Abstract: A method and system for providing secure internet access and services are disclosed. The method includes receiving a request for services from a user terminal, the request including user terminal data; sending the user terminal data to a security server; and receiving a security level of the user terminal from the security server. The security server determines the security level of the user terminal based on historical user data related to the user terminal. The method further includes initiating a verification process based on the security level of the user terminal.