Abstract: Large numbers of engine parameters result in a need for significant processing power to calculate the engine control values using algorithms in real-time. The disclosure provides an engine control system having a data library comprising an explicit model predictive control derived set of output data values. The data library comprises a subset of output data values in respect of each combination of input data values. The subset of output data values may be configured to control one or more aspects of engine performance.

Abstract: Engines produce not only primary energy in the form of kinetic energy transmitted through a rotating crankshaft but also secondary energy which may comprise kinetic energy in other forms as well as thermal energy. In order to reduce engine running costs and increase efficiency there is a desire to make best use of all forms of energy produced by an engine. The disclosure relates to the adoption of an equivalent consumption minimisation strategy by which the engine may be controlled to derive useful energy from a first proportion of primary energy and a second proportion of secondary energy wherein the first and second proportions are selected to minimise overall energy consumption.