Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out a physical and/or chemical process, such as a heat exchanger, comprising a fluidized bed, through which a fluid flows, and a separator for separating fluidized bed particles from the medium for recirculation. According to the invention, the top box is provided with separated discharge means for discharging a main flow of medium with a partial flow of medium and for discharging granular material.

Abstract: Heat exchanger, consisting of a reservoir, having upwardly directed tubes that are flowed through by a liquid to be heated and by fluidized bed particles for cleaning the tubes internally. Connected to the reservoir is an external downcomer (2) for receiving fluidized bed particles coming from the top box (21) of the reservoir and to be conveyed again to the bottom box (25) of the reservoir. Provided in the downcomer (2) is an inner tube (1) of smaller diameter, which is open at its bottom end (5) and provided, directly below the closed top end (9), with openings (8) for effecting a circulation flow in the downcomer (2).

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out a physical and/or chemical process, such as a heat exchanger, including a reservoir in which a series of riser pipes (2) are arranged. Disposed in the reservoir (1) is a fluidized bed of granular material. The apparatus includes means for circulating the particles of the fluidized bed through the riser pipes (2), which means include a downcomer (15) arranged outside the reservoir (1), this downcomer being closed off at the bottom end by an inclined closing plate (16). Above the closing plate (16), via a bypass line (17), a part of the medium to be treated is fed to the particle bed resting on the plate (16).

Abstract: Heat exchanger consisting of a reservoir with upwardly directed tubes through which flow a liquid to be heated and fluidized bed particles for internally cleaning the tubes. Connected to the reservoir is an external downcomer (5) for collecting fluidized bed particles coming from the top box of the reservoir and to be transported back to the bottom box (7) of the reservoir. The connecting line (4, 2, 1, 3, 6) between downcomer (5) and bottom box (7) is designed as two sections (2, 3) with an expansion bellows (1) arranged between them. The bottom section (3) is connected via two or more connecting stubs (6A, 6B) with the bottom box (7) for the uniform distribution of the flow of fluidized bed particles.

Abstract: A method of heat exchange comprising flowing liquid heat-exchanging media upwardly as a stream containing fluidized particles onto some of which material is precipitated from the liquid thereby enlarging the particles, temporarily increasing the flow rate of the stream to fluidize the thus enlarged particles, expanding the stream to decrease the flow rate and permit settling out of a coarse fraction of particles and returning the stream to its original flow rate to readmit particles into the non-expanded stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for exchanging heat between a moving fluid and a moving secondary fluid comprising passing a plurality of streams of secondary fluid upward through the moving primary fluid.