Abstract: A system includes modularized generic framework applications that are built to be deployable across any Java based application, with the ability to maintain multiple runtime versions. Pluggable framework applications may be self-contained units of APIs and implementations. The pluggable framework applications may be written in Java. The pluggable framework applications may be independently scalable, deployable, changeable and/or replaceable modules. The pluggable framework applications may be modular, scalable, and have high availability, as well as allow for hot deployment, standardization, easy integration, and/or code reuse.

Abstract: A system includes modularized generic framework applications that are built to be deployable across any Java based application, with the ability to maintain multiple runtime versions. Pluggable framework applications may be self-contained units of APIs and implementations. The pluggable framework applications may be written in Java. The pluggable framework applications may be independently scalable, deployable, changeable and/or replaceable modules. The pluggable framework applications may be modular, scalable, and have high availability, as well as allow for hot deployment, standardization, easy integration, and/or code reuse.

Abstract: Methods of treating or reducing biofilms, treating a biofilm-related disorder, and preventing biofilm formation using D-amino acids are described.

Abstract: A method of treating, reducing, or inhibiting biofilm formation by bacteria, the method comprising: contacting an article with a composition comprising an effective amount of a D-amino acid, said composition being essentially free of the corresponding L-amino acid, thereby treating, reducing or inhibiting formation of the biofilm, wherein the D-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of D-alanine, D-cysteine, D-aspartic acid, D-glutamic acid, D-histidine, D-isoleucine, D-lysine, D-leucine, D-asparagine, D-proline, D-glutamine, D-arginine, D-serine, D-threonine, D-valine, D-tryptophan, D-tyrosine, and a combination thereof.