Abstract: A package for an optical storage medium, comprising: a cover part; a support part having a first part, a second part and a support region, wherein, when an optical storage medium is inserted in the package, the support region abuts at least partly against the optical storage medium; an overlay, wherein the overlay and the second part form a receptacle; a hinge located between the first and second parts, wherein the hinge at least partially runs through the support region; wherein the package is made out of a single piece of paper or cardboard.

Abstract: A hollow plug for blocking a heat exchanger tube includes an expansion zone expanded into a frictional connection with the heat exchanger tube. An outer surface in the expansion zone has a first part with a relatively greater surface hardness and a second part with a relatively lesser surface hardness. The first part has a greater surface hardness than the heat exchanger tube. The second part has a lesser surface hardness than the heat exchanger tube. The first part also has a relief pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simulating operational demands acting an expanded tube joints includes penetrating a central inner region of a circular disc of a test body with a plurality of hollow cylinders. Sleeves or hollow plugs are connected to the hollow cylinders in the vicinity of the disc. A stress condition is created in the inner region corresponding to the operational demands by applying a force in an outer region of the disc through a uniform introduction of heat in the outer region while cooling the inner region. Outer hollow cylinders may serve as cooling passages and may form a boundary between the inner region and the outer region. Thermal insulation may be associated with the outer region. An electric resistance heater may be associated with the outer region for applying the force.