Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing a textile substrate using a plurality of applicators that each apply an increment of a total dye application. In one form a reduced indigo dye in a leuco-state is applied in an inert atmosphere substantially isolated from oxidizing substances. In another form the foamed dye is applied while open to the atmosphere. In both forms holddown rollers or inverted applicators are located between applicators at decreasing depths to minimize increases in tension as the substrate travels over successive applicator faces.

Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing a textile substrate using a plurality of applicators that each apply an increment of a total dye application. In one form a reduced indigo dye in a leuco-state is applied in an inert atmosphere substantially isolated from oxidizing substances. In another form the foamed dye is applied while open to the atmosphere. In both forms holddown rollers or inverted applicators are located between applicators at decreasing depths to minimize increases in tension as the substrate travels over successive applicator faces.

Abstract: An applicator apparatus for controlling the uniform (or predetermined non-uniform) application of a treating fluid to a traveling fabric, web or other substrate includes one or more fluid applicators, each having spaced apart housing or body walls interconnected by a body edge preferably of a generally parabolic shape. Each applicator includes a fluid inlet in one body wall and a transversely elongated fluid outlet in the opposite body wall. The body walls define a fluid distribution chamber extending substantially equally and oppositely relative to the fluid inlet, with the chamber being divided by a plate member having preferably generally parabolically shaped peripheral edges substantially corresponding in shape with and spaced inwardly from the body edge.

Abstract: An applicator apparatus for applying a preferably foamed treating fluid to a traveling permeable fabric, web or other substrate can include either or both of a low-pressure exhaust chamber on the opposite side of the substrate from the applicator nozzle and a flexible lip extending from either or both sides of the nozzle opening, between the nozzle and the substrate. The applicator apparatus is particularly adapted and well-suited for lightly coating or treating the surface of a fragile and fast moving substrate, without deformation or breakage of the substrate and without undesirable substrate penetration.

Abstract: An applicator apparatus for controlling the uniform (or predetermined non-uniform) application of a treating fluid to a traveling fabric, web or other substrate includes one or more fluid applicators, each having spaced apart housing or body walls interconnected by a body edge preferably of a generally parabolic shape. Each applicator includes a fluid inlet in one body wall and a transversely elongated fluid outlet in the opposite body wall. The body walls define a fluid distribution chamber extending substantially equally and oppositely relative to the fluid inlet, with the chamber being divided by a plate member having preferably generally parabolically shaped peripheral edges substantially corresponding in shape with and spaced inwardly from the body edge.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a chemical foam to a traveling substrate in which a plurality of shut-off valves are spaced along a foam conduit between a foam generator and an applicator head to form the conduit into isolated sections when the valves are simultaneously closed upon stoppage of the traveling substrate, thereby maintaining pressure differential along the length of the conduit in readiness for resumption of operation when the substrate resumes travel and the valves are opened. To avoid decomposition of the foam in the applicator head during stoppage, a small by-pass conduit is connected to the valved conduit upstream and downstream of the valves to allow a small quantity of foam to continue to flow to the applicator head during stoppage of the substrate. A discharge valve at a discharge outlet of the applicator head opens during substrate stoppage to allow foam to discharge from the applicator head and maintain circulation of foam therein.