Abstract: Soot removal process at or inside a synthesis gas- and/or CO-containing gas production apparatus using as feed gases carbon dioxide, steam, hydrogen and/or a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas and using electrical energy in RWGS processes, electrolyses for electrochemical decomposition of carbon dioxide and/or steam, reforming operations and/or synthesis gas production processes with at least one gas production unit, an electrolysis stack and/or a heater-reactor combination for performing an RWGS reaction and at least one cooling sector/recuperator for CO-containing gas and/or synthesis gas, and also a soot removal assembly. Formation of soot can be suppressed or prevented during gas cooling and soot that is nevertheless deposited can be removed again from the heat exchanger surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas heater heating element including a support and channel structure with a plurality of channels formed in the monolith includes shaping an electric heating element and at least partially coating the electric heating element with at least one coating material. The at least partially coated electric heating element is positioned in a mold for producing the monolith. The monolith is produced and surrounds the at least partially coated electric heating element. The coating material of the at least partially coated electric heating element is removed. The gas heater heating element includes at least one electric heating element in the monolith and the electric heating element is guided in the plurality of channels of the support. Heat within the plurality of channels is configured to be transferred by the electric heating element to a gas flowing through the plurality of channels to heat the gas.

Abstract: A synthesis gas production process from CO2 and H2O with a co-electrolysis, wherein the CO2 and CH4 content of the produced gas is reduced on the cathode side.

Abstract: Soot removal process at or inside a synthesis gas- and/or CO-containing gas production apparatus using as feed gases carbon dioxide, steam, hydrogen and/or a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas and using electrical energy in RWGS processes, electrolyses for electrochemical decomposition of carbon dioxide and/or steam, reforming operations and/or synthesis gas production processes with at least one gas production unit, an electrolysis stack and/or a heater-reactor combination for performing an RWGS reaction and at least one cooling sector/recuperator for CO-containing gas and/or synthesis gas, and also a soot removal assembly. Formation of soot can be suppressed or prevented during gas cooling and soot that is nevertheless deposited can be removed again from the heat exchanger surface.

Abstract: A synthesis gas production process from CO2 and H2O with a co-electrolysis, wherein the CO2 and CH4 content of the produced gas is reduced on the cathode side.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthetically produced methane (57)/gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons (114, 115, 116, 117). For this purpose, hydrogen (44, 84, 150) from an electrolytic arrangement (41, 81, 151, 159) which is operated by means of regeneratively generated electric energy and carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) are synthesized in a methane synthesis (FIGS. 2-48) or Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FIGS. 3-96) or other suitable hydrocarbon synthesis, the carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) being produced from an air/gas flow (3, 134) by means of a carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1). The carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) is obtained from the air/gas flow (3, 134) in the carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1) by way of a reversible adsorption process.

Abstract: A heat management method in a high-temperature steam electrolysis [SOEC] (FIG. 1), to solid oxide fuel cells [SOFCs] (FIG. 2) and/or to a reversible high-temperature fuel cell having the SOEC and SOFC modes of operation [rSOC] (FIG. 1/2). The steam required (1) is supplied from at least one external source and at least one offgas stream (4, 12, 12a) is cooled at least once (3, 11, 18, 35) downstream of the cell [SOEC, SOFC, rSOC] (5, 5a). The internal generation of steam required (1, 38) is effected by internal recuperative heating of externally supplied water (47, 48, 51). The energy from the at least one cooling operation (3, 11, 18, 35) of the at least one offgas stream to be cooled (4, 4a, 12, 12a, 17, 20, 34, 36) is used for this purpose, and at the same time the external steam supply (1, 38) is reduced or shut down.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthetically produced methane (57)/gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons (114, 115, 116, 117). For this purpose, hydrogen (44, 84, 150) from an electrolytic arrangement (41, 81, 151, 159) which is operated by means of regeneratively generated electric energy and carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) are synthesized in a methane synthesis (FIGS. 2-48) or Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FIGS. 3-96) or other suitable hydrocarbon synthesis, the carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) being produced from an air/gas flow (3, 134) by means of a carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1). The carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) is obtained from the air/gas flow (3, 134) in the carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1) by way of a reversible adsorption process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag and to an entrained-bed gasifier system that comprises the device. The device comprises, in a housing, an inlet arranged at the top for the hot gas flow, an immersion pipe, which is arranged vertically and concentrically in the housing and into which the inlet opens, a coolant bath, into which a lower section of the immersion pipe is immersed, and at least one raw gas outlet opening for cooled raw gas that has been freed of slag. The lower section of the immersion pipe is designed as a radially expanded gas distributor bell in the coolant bath. Said gas distributor bell is formed by a substantially conical jacket surface having a cross-section that expands downward, wherein the jacket surface has a plurality of gas passage openings, which are distributed over the circumference of the gas distributor bell. The dimensions of the gas passage openings increase with the immersion depth in the coolant bath.

Abstract: The present application relates to a metering device and a dense phase conveying system for the steady, continuous, dosed supply of a bulk material in powder form made of light, polydisperse particles to a consumer arranged downstream. Furthermore, the present application relates to a method for the continuous, dosed supply of the bulk material in powder form using the dense phase conveying system, which comprises the metering device according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for generating a synthesis gas (SG) from biomass (BM) by entrained-flow gasification. The device comprises a treatment plant (1), in which the biomass (BM) is supplied to a coarse crushing device (2), which is connected downstream via a first lock (3) to a pressurized carbonization plant (4) for the hydrothermal generation of carbonization char (KK) from the biomass (BM). The carbonization plant (4) comprises at least one preheating device (5) and a carbonization reactor (6) arranged downstream of the preheating device (5) and is connected downstream via a second lock (11) to at least one solid-liquid separation device (12, 13) for providing a fuel. A drying device (16) for drying the fuel is provided downstream of the solid-liquid separation device (12, 13), with a crushing device (18) for crushing the fuel to form pulverized fuel (BS) having particle sizes in the range of 55 ?m to 500 ?m being connected downstream of the drying device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for generating a synthesis gas (SG) from biomass (BM) by entrained-flow gasification. The device comprises a treatment plant (1), in which the biomass (BM) is supplied to a coarse crushing device (2), which is connected downstream via a first lock (3) to a pressurized carbonization plant (4) for the hydrothermal generation of carbonization char (KK) from the biomass (BM). The carbonization plant (4) comprises at least one preheating device (5) and a carbonization reactor (6) arranged downstream of the preheating device (5) and is connected downstream via a second lock (11) to at least one solid-liquid separation device (12, 13) for providing a fuel. A drying device (16) for drying the fuel is provided downstream of the solid-liquid separation device (12, 13), with a crushing device (18) for crushing the fuel to form pulverized fuel (BS) having particle sizes in the range of 55 ?m to 500 ?m being connected downstream of the drying device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metering device and a dense phase conveying system for the dosed supply of a light bulk material from a supply device (B, SG) via conveying tubes (FR1, FR2, FR3) to a consumer. For this purpose, an airlock (S) has a delivery device (AE/S) having a dust flow regulation device (F14), which opens into a metering container (DB), whose delivery device (AE/DB) comprises multiple dust flow regulation devices (FI1, FI2, FI3), which each open into one conveying tube (FR1, FR2, FR3). A pressure regulation device of the metering device is coupled for differential pressure regulations (PDC1-2, PDC3-R) to pressure measuring devices (PIS1, P12) of the airlock (S) and the metering container (DB) and to pressure measuring devices (PIR, P13) of the metering container delivery device (AE/DB) and the consumer, in order to control the metering container pressure (PI2) as a function of the second differential pressure regulation (PDC3-R).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metering system for the steady, continuous, dosed supply of a bulk material in powder form made of light, polydisperse particles from a supply device (B, SG) into a plurality of conveying tubes (FR1, FR2, FR3) to a consumer arranged downstream. The metering system comprises at least two metering containers (DB1, DB2, DB3) each having a delivery device (AE2/1, AE2/2, AE2/3), the delivery device (AE2/1, AE2/2, AE2/3) for each of the conveying tubes (FR1, FR2, FR3) comprising a dust flow regulation device (FI1/1, FI2/1, FI3/2), which is assigned thereto and opens therein, and a mass flow measuring probe (FIC1, FIC2, FIC3) being arranged on each of the conveying tubes (FR1, FR2, FR3), which is coupled to the dust flow regulation device (FI1/1 to FI3/2) which opens into the corresponding conveying tube (FR1, FR2, FR3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel preparation for use in diesel engines consisting of plant oil mono-alcohol esters and up to 20 weight percent linear and branched paraffins and olefins of chain length C5-C11 and alcohols of chain length C2-C8, whereby the paraffins, olefins and alcohols are obtained by means of gasification of biomass and subsequent Fischer-Tropsch synthesis not involving any processing of the Fischer-Tropsch fraction by means of hydrogenating procedures and the preparation has a flash point >55° C. and a density >820 kg/m3.

Abstract: A process for the endothermic gasification of solid carbon in an entrained bed facility comprises partial oxidation of fuel(s) and endothermic gasification of solid carbon, preferably preceded by low temperature carbonization such that the carbonization gas is passed to the partial oxidation and the carbonization coke is passed to the endothermic gasification. The hot gas streaming downwardly from the combustion chamber is deflected to produce separation of the liquid slag and is then passed to the endothermic gasification that operates with a rising gas stream and with addition of solid carbon having a grain diameter of up to 20 mm. The speed of the gas at the carbon inlet is higher than, and the speed of the gas at the end of the endothermic gasification is lower than, the suspension rate of the reactive carbon particles, to produce an increase of the relative speed difference between the gas and the carbon particles. Apparatus is also disclosed for carrying out the process.