Abstract: A computer-implemented method for grouping devices in a massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO)-based cellular network, in accordance with one embodiment, includes determining movement states of end devices in a cell of the massive MIMO-based cellular network, estimating payload requirements of the end devices, and grouping the end devices in a group based on the determined movement states and the estimated payload requirements.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods for autonomous identification of rouge devices in a communications network are provided. Aspects include collecting connection trace data including connection characteristics for each of a plurality of mobile devices in communication with a communications network and aggregating the connection trace data. Aspects also include determining performance characteristics for each of a plurality of groups of the plurality of mobile devices, wherein each of the plurality of groups corresponds to mobile devices having a type approval code and comparing the performance characteristics for each of the plurality of groups. Based on a determination that the performance characteristics of one of the plurality of groups deviate from the performance characteristics of a remaining set of the plurality of groups by more than a first threshold amount, aspects include designating the type approval code associated with the one of the plurality of groups as a rogue type approval code.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for the recovery of lithium from lithium-bearing materials. More specifically, disclosed herein are methods comprising heating the lithium-bearing material with a solid roasting agent, forming a water suspension to allow to leach at least a portion of lithium into the water, separating a liquid and solid phase, and then exposing the collected solid phase to acid to allow acid leaching of the remaining amount of lithium.

Abstract: Methods and systems including a microwave radiation source are described. A first region of a pure magnetic field can be generated in a first processing zone using a microwave radiation source of the first processing zone. The first processing zone can be a single mode microwave radiation chamber. A second region of a pure electric field can be generated in the first processing zone using the microwave radiation source. The second region can be spatially distinct from the first region. A first portion of an amorphous alloy can be loaded automatically into the first processing zone. The first portion can be positioned in an annealing region. The annealing region can be a single field region selected from the first region and the second region. The first portion can be heated in the annealing region. The first portion can be automatically unloaded from the first processing zone.

Abstract: A method of microwave synthesis of phosphors includes a microwave furnace having a microwave chamber; providing starting material in the microwave chamber; and subjecting the starting material to microwaves, whereby the starting material is synthesized into phosphors. An insulation package for use in microwave synthesis is disclosed that includes an insulator having an opening therein, wherein the opening is substantially symmetrically disposed in relation to a central axis of the insulator, and wherein the opening is adapted to receive starting material. A susceptor configuration may be positioned within the cavity, wherein the insulator, the cavity, and the susceptor configuration are substantially symmetrically disposed in relation to an axis of rotation of the insulation package. A microwave furnace for continuous microwave synthesis of phosphors is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of microwave synthesis of phosphors includes a microwave furnace having a microwave chamber; providing starting material in the microwave chamber; and subjecting the starting material to microwaves, whereby the starting material is synthesized into phosphors. An insulation package for use in microwave synthesis is disclosed that includes an insulator having an opening therein, wherein the opening is substantially symmetrically disposed in relation to a central axis of the insulator, and wherein the opening is adapted to receive starting material. A susceptor configuration may be positioned within the cavity, wherein the insulator, the cavity, and the susceptor configuration are substantially symmetrically disposed in relation to an axis of rotation of the insulation package. A microwave furnace for continuous microwave synthesis of phosphors is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for the development of transparent alumina ceramics using microwave energy at the frequency between 0.915 and 2.45 GHz inclusive in hydrogen atmosphere at ambient pressure comprises an enclosed, insulated chamber (14) to retain a workpiece (12) for the application of microwave energy. The chamber comprises a TE103 single mode or a multimode microwave cavity into which is mounted a quartz tube (18). An insulation material (20), transparent to microwave energy, is positioned within the quartz tube. A port (28) for the introduction of hydrogen penetrates the cavity so that the microwave sintering of the workpiece is performed in an ultra-pure hydrogen atmosphere. The workpiece is preferably mounted on a refractory ceramic such as alumina tube for the microwave sintering process. A method, preferably using the apparatus, develops transparent alumina ceramics and single crystal sapphire.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for the development of transparent alumina ceramics using microwave energy at the frequency between 0.915 and 2.45 GHz inclusive in hydrogen atmosphere at ambient pressure comprises an enclosed, insulated chamber (14) to retain a workpiece (12) for the application of microwave energy. The chamber comprises a TE103 single mode or a multimode microwave cavity into which is mounted a quartz tube (18). An insulation material (20), transparent to microwave energy, is positioned within the quartz tube. A port (28) for the introduction of hydrogen penetrates the cavity so that the microwave sintering of the workpiece is performed in an ultra-pure hydrogen atmosphere. The workpiece is preferably mounted on a refractory ceramic such as alumina tube for the microwave sintering process. A method, preferably using the apparatus, develops transparent alumina ceramics and single crystal sapphire.

Abstract: Certain embodiments relate to a process for forming a multilayer electrical device. The process includes providing a multilayer structure including layers of a dielectric material and an electrode material. The electrode material may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of nickel and copper. A variety of dielectric materials may be used, such as barium titanate. The method also includes sintering the dielectric material by heating the structure using microwaves in an industrial nitrogen atmosphere, which contains an oxygen partial pressure of 10−2 to 10−12 atm.

Abstract: Certain embodiments relate to a process for forming a multilayer electrical device. The process includes providing a multilayer structure including layers of a dielectric material and an electrode material. The electrode material may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of nickel and copper. A variety of dielectric materials may be used, such as barium titanate. The method also includes sintering the dielectric material by heating the structure using microwaves in an industrial nitrogen atmosphere, which contains an oxygen partial pressure of 10−2 to 10−12 atm.

Abstract: Varistors are produced by pressing ceramic ZnO powder to provide discs, sintering the discs with microwave radiation, and firing outer electrodes with microwave radiation. The sintering has a maximum plateau temperature of 1000° C. to 1300° C. and the duration for ramping to this temperature and maintenance at this temperature is 120 to 180 minutes. These parameters also apply for multi-layer varistors with inner electrodes. The outer electrodes are fired at a maximum plateau temperature of 550° C. to 820° C. for a total duration of 40 to 45 minutes.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method of converting green particles to form finished particles. The apparatus used for sintering incorporates an elongate hollow tube, an insulative sleeve there about to define an elevated temperature zone, and a microwave generator coupled through a wave guide into a microwave cavity incorporated the tube. The particles are moved through the tube at a controlled rate to assure adequate exposure to the microwave radiation. Another form sintered a solid part in a cavity or mold.

Abstract: This disclosure sets forth a method and apparatus for microwave processing of green work pieces. Typically, individual green work pieces are formed in a small mold cavity crucible, and individual crucibles are then indexed into and out of a tube for a controlled transit time along the tube. The tube extends in one embodiment through a preheater and then into the microwave cavity, the preheater providing an initial heating step to change the rate of absorption of microwave energy so that microwave sintering is accomplished in the cavity.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method of converting green particles to form finished particles. The apparatus used for sintering incorporates an elongate hollow tube, an insulative sleeve there about to define an elevated temperature zone, and a microwave generator coupled through a wave guide into a microwave cavity incorporated the tube. The particles are moved through the tube at a controlled rate to assure adequate exposure to the microwave radiation. Another form sintered a solid part in a cavity or mold.