Abstract: An apparatus and method used to perform image rendering is capable of producing complex, high resolution images for a continuous synchronous raster image output device, such as a laser printer or a video display, using a minimum of random access memory. High level graphics instructions defining an image to be displayed or printed are provided by a processor executing an applications program. These instructions are interpreted to generate a set of graphics orders that are subsequently processed to create a bitmap image for output to a display or printer device. The graphics order processing system is independent of the central processor and thereby significantly reduces the central processor's image output overhead.

Abstract: An apparatus and method used to perform image rendering in a manner which is capable of producing complex, high resolution page images where a continuous synchronous raster image output device, such as a laser printer, using a minimum of random access memory. The invented technique decomposes basic graphics functions into a compact series of orders commands suitable for real time processing and then generates the output page image in real time. The graphic content of a page is defined in much less memory then the rendered image would otherwise require, but is in a form that can be processed and deliver to the output device at the speed required by the output device. This is accomplished by the use of graphics functions which are represented as low level primitives which can be converted to bit mapped images in real time.

Abstract: An apparatus and method used to perform image rendering is capable of producing complex, high resolution images for a continuous synchronous raster image output device, such as a laser printer or a video display, using a minimum of random access memory. High level graphics instructions defining an image to be displayed or printed are provided by a processor executing an applications program. These instructions are interpreted to generate a set of graphics orders that are subsequently processed to create a bitmap image for output to a display or printer device. The graphics order processing system is independent of the central processor and thereby significantly reduces the central processor's image output overhead.

Abstract: An apparatus and method used to perform image rendering in a manner which is capable of producing complex, high resolution page images where a continuous synchronous raster image output device, such as a laser printer, using a minimum of random access memory. The invented technique decomposes basic graphics functions into a compact series of orders commands suitable for real time processing and then generates the output page image in real time. The graphic content of a page is defined in much less memory then the rendered image would otherwise require, but is in a form that can be processed and deliver to the output device at the speed required by the output device. This is accomplished by the use of graphics functions which are represented as low level primitives which can be converted to bit mapped images in real time.

Abstract: An adjustable digital synthesizer has frequency increments of a selected step size. The adjustable digital synthesizer includes a digital accumulator having N stages. The digital accumulator counts at a predetermined clock frequency such that, in response to each clock, the accumulator increments the step size determined by the digital input. The accumulator counts to 2.sup.Nth state and wraps around in response to an overflow. An adder, responsive to the overflow, adds an offset to the accumulator, the offset being a function of the difference between 2.sup.Nth times the minimum step size and the desired clock frequency.

Abstract: In a radio transmitter, a PM input signal is provided directly to a frequency synthesizer. The synthesizer includes a PLL having a reference frequency input signal and a controlled frequency output signal. The PLL includes a frequency divider which is directly connected in a feedback circuit path between the controlled frequency output signal and the PLL's phase-detector. The frequency divider has a frequency control input signal for setting a division ratio N for the divider, and a PM circuit has as input signal the PM input signal and the frequency control input signal. The PM circuit provides an offset signal to the phase detector output, so that the PLL creates a correcting phase signal resulting from the offset signal. The magnitude of the offset signal changes as a function of the change in the value of N.

Abstract: A central shaft is arranged for positioning through an opening within a vessel hull, with the central shaft including first and second collars spaced to slidably mount a second collar, wherein a first collar is positioned in adjacency relative to a first end of the shaft, with the first collar having a plurality of positioning legs pivotally mounted to the first collar, and the positioning legs each including a link pivotally mounting each positioning leg to the second collar. A central mounting web includes a pneumatic chamber for effecting a fluid-tight sealing relationship against the hull, with the mounting web including the central shaft directed therethrough, having an externally threaded portion that threadedly receives a lock collar.

Abstract: A phase detector circuit for providing an output indicative of the phase relationship between two input signals. The output of the phase detector responds rapidly to changes in the phase relationship between the input signals and avoids "cycling" when this phase relationship is less than -2.pi. or greater than 2.pi.. The phase detector includes circuit means for detecting when the phase relationship is outside a desired range such as proportional phase detectors which operate in combination with a differential type phase detector for providing the required output.

Abstract: Disclosed is a latching differential phase detector for improving a slew rate and preventing false phase lock due to cycling. The system combines 2.pi. proportional phase detectors to cover a 4.pi. range. The lock monitors of the phase frequency detectors control a differential phase detector to provide positive latching.

Abstract: A phase detector for a phase lock loop can detect more than a 2.pi. radian phase difference. The phase detector is modulized so that modules may be stacked to extend the phase detection range by 2N.pi. radians, where N equals the number of modules that are stacked together. The modules are combined to obtain an output signal which can be applied to a filter for controlling the voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

Abstract: A variable voltage control oscillator can have its output frequency varied over a wide range of frequencies with a high degree of accuracy at each frequency and a rapid tune time is achieved when there is a reference signal source that runs at a constant frequency and is held to a high degree of accuracy and a counter for normalizing the output frequency of the VCO and a coincidence detector which compares the reference frequency to the normalized output frequency and provides an error correcting signal that adjusts the VCO to change the frequency very rapidly without having a frequency overshoot.

Abstract: A wiener stick applicator composed of a drum or magazine rotatable about its horizontal longitudinal axis and having parallel grooves extending longitudinally of its exterior for supporting handle sticks and wieners or wieners/half wieners, in axial aligned relationship, fed to the grooves from chute or hopper means. One end portion or generally one-half of each groove is relatively narrow for snugly receiving one of the sticks, while the remainder of each groove is relatively wide and generally equal to the diameter of the wieners. A coaxial casing circumscribes the drum in spaced relationship and coacts with the grooves to confine the sticks and wieners against displacement. The casing has an inlet opening extending longitudinally of the drum for admitting an axially aligned stick and wiener to each groove. A outlet opening, extending longitudinally of the drum, is provided in the casing in spaced relation to the inlet opening for the ejection of wieners impaled on sticks.

Abstract: A wide range digital phase detector employs a pulse count generator which provides mutually exclusive counting pulses corresponding to the pulses in the two pulse trains to be compared, thereby ensuring that all pulses including those which are coincident are properly registered and accounted for.