Abstract: Metal complexes of titanium and zirconium with N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine are provided, and more particularly to an improved process to prepare the titanium and zirconium complexes of N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine. Such complexes are used in oil well fracturing and plugging applications.

Abstract: A composition that can be used as catalyst in esterification, transesterification or polycondensation is disclosed, which comprises a stable solution comprising (a) titanium in the form of a titanium ?-hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt, (b) a C1–C6 carboxylic acid, and (c) zinc in the form of a water-soluble zinc salt, and (d) water; and substantially free of an alkanolamine, an aminocarboxylic acid, or combinations two or more thereof. Also disclosed is an esterification, transesterification or polycondensation process, which comprises contacting, in the presence of the solution composition, an organic acid or its ester or its salt with an alcohol, optionally in the presence of a phosphorus compound, an organic or inorganic toning agent such as cobalt acetate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A composition and a process for producing the composition are disclosed. The composition comprises (1) repeat units derived from a carbonyl compound and a glycol and (2) one or more ultrafine metal oxides. The process can comprise (1) contacting, in the presence of a catalyst and optionally one or more ultrafine metal oxides, a carbonyl compound such as dicarboxylic acid with a glycol under a condition sufficient to produce polyester wherein the glycol can be pretreated with a metal oxide or (2) incorporating an ultrafine metal oxide into or onto polyester. Also disclosed is a process for substantially removing, or reducing the content of, an aldehyde in a glycol which comprises contacting the glycol with at least one metal oxide.

Abstract: A process that can be used as catalyst in esterification, transesterification or polycondensation is disclosed, which comprises a stable solution comprising (a) titanium in the form of a titanium ?-hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt, (b) a C1-C6 carboxylic acid, and (c) zinc in the form of a water-soluble zinc salt, and (d) water. Also disclosed is an esterification, transesterification or polycondensation process, which comprises contacting, in the presence of the solution process, an organic acid or its ester or its salt with an alcohol, optionally in the presence of a phosphorus compound, an organic or inorganic toning agent such as cobalt acetate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process that comprises contacting, in the presence of an esterification or transesterification or polycondensation catalyst composition, a toner, and a phosphorus compound, a carbonyl compound and an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, or polymerization.

Abstract: A composition and a process for producing the composition are disclosed. The composition comprises (1) repeat units derived from a carbonyl compound and a glycol and (2) one or more ultrafine metal oxides. The process can comprise (1) contacting, in the presence of a catalyst and optionally one or more ultrafine metal oxides, a carbonyl compound such as dicarboxylic acid with a glycol under a condition sufficient to produce polyester wherein the glycol can be pretreated with a metal oxide or (2) incorporating an ultrafine metal oxide into or onto polyester. Also disclosed is a process for substantially removing, or reducing the content of, an aldehyde in a glycol which comprises contacting the glycol with at least one metal oxide.

Abstract: A composition that can be used as catalyst in esterification, transesterification or polycondensation is disclosed, which comprises a stable solution comprising (a) titanium in the form of a titanium &agr;-hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt, (b) a C1-C6 carboxylic acid, and (c) zinc in the form of a water-soluble zinc salt, and (d) water. Also disclosed is an esterification, transesterification or polycondensation process, which comprises contacting, in the presence of the solution composition, an organic acid or its ester or its salt with an alcohol, optionally in the presence of a phosphorus compound, an organic or inorganic toning agent such as cobalt acetate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process that can be used as catalyst in esterification, transesterification or polycondensation is disclosed, which comprises a stable solution comprising (a) titanium in the form of a titanium &agr;-hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt, (b) a C1-C6 carboxylic acid, and (c) zinc in the form of a water-soluble zinc salt, and (d) water. Also disclosed is an esterification, transesterification or polycondensation process, which comprises contacting, in the presence of the solution process, an organic acid or its ester or its salt with an alcohol, optionally in the presence of a phosphorus compound, an organic or inorganic toning agent such as cobalt acetate, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polymer composition (a) comprising repeat units derived from terephthalic acid and 1,3- propanediol, (b) having a b value of less than about 10, and (c) having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) in the range from about 0.74 to about 2.0. The poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polymer composition does not contain a blue masking pigment. It is prepared by a process comnprising contacting, in the presence of a catalyst comprises tin and titanium. A copolymer that contains up to 20 mole percent of another acid and/or a second alcohol is also disclosed. Further disclosed is a composition of, or comprising, a bis (3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalalte prepolymer. The bis (3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalalte prepolymer and poly(trimethylene terephthalalte) can each contain 10 to 100 ppm tin and 10 to 200 ppm titanium relative to the terephthalic acid content.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyester or copolymer thereof is disclosed. The process comprises contacting at least one carbonyl compound such as, for example, adipic acid, terephthalic acid, salt thereof, or combinations thereof, in the presence of a catalyst, with an alcohol such as, for example, 1,4-butanediol. The catalyst can comprise a tetraalkyl titanate such as, for example, tetraisopropyl titanate and a phosphorous compound such as, for example, a mixture of butyl phosphate and dibutyl phosphate.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a solubility promoter, a phosphorus source, a solvent, and optionally a sulfonic acid, a cocatalyst, or both. The cocatalyst can be a cobalt/aluminum catalyst, an antimony compound, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a process for producing the composition. The process comprises combining a titanium compound, a solubility promoter, a phosphorus source, a solvent, and optionally a sulfonic acid, a cocatalyst, or both. Further disclosed is a process for using the composition which comprises contacting a carbonyl compound, in the presence of the composition, with an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, polymerization, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process that can be used in an esterification and polycondensation processes to produce a polyester such as, for example, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) is disclosed. The process comprises contacting an acid with 1,3-propanediol in the presence of a catalyst comprising tin and titanium. A copolymer that contains up to 20 mole percent of another acid and/or a second alcohol is also disclosed. Further disclosed are a composition of, or comprising, a bis(3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalate prepolymer or a composition of, or comprising, a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) polymer. The bis(3-hydroxypropyl) terephthalate prepolymer and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) can each contain 10 to 100 ppm tin and 10 to 200 ppm titanium relative to the terephthalic acid content.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a complexing agent, hypophosphorous acid or its metal salt, water and optionally a solvent. The complexing agent can be hydroxycarboxylic acid, alkanolamines, aminocarboxylic acids, or combinations of two or more thereof. The solvent can be water, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, isopropylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1-methyl propylene glycol, pentylene glycol, or combinations of two or more thereof. The titanium compound can be combined with a zirconium compound. Also disclosed is a process for using the composition for producing an ester or a polyester. The process comprises contacting a carbonyl compound, in the presence of the composition, with an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, polymerization, or combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a complexing agent, a solvent, and optionally a cocatalyst. The cocatalyst can be a cobalt/aluminum catalyst, an antimony compound, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a process for producing the composition. The process comprises combining a titanium compound, a complexing agent, a solvent, and optionally a cocatalyst. Further disclosed is a process for using the composition which comprises contacting a carbonyl compound, in the presence of the composition, with an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, polymerization, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a process that can be used for producing a bis-glycolate ester of 5-sulfo isophthalate metal salt. The process comprises contacting a 5-sulfo isophthalate a metal salt or a dialkyl ester of 5-sulfo isophthalate metal salt, in the presence of a catalyst, with a glycol. The catalyst comprises (1) a titanium compound, a solubility promoter, a phosphorus source, and optionally a solvent, (2) a titanium compound, a complexing agent, a phosphorus source, and optionally a solvent, a sulfonic acid, or combinations thereof, or (3) combinations of (1) and (2). The solubility promoter can be selected from the group consisting of ortho silicates, ortho zirconates and combinations thereof. The phosphorus source is selected from the group consisting of a phosphonic acid, a phosphinic acid, a phosphine, and combinations of two or more thereof. The complexing agent can be selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic acids, aminocarboxylic acids, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a phosphorus compound, an amine, a solvent and optionally a cocatalyst in which the phosphorus compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of (R.sup.1 O).sub.x (PO)(OH).sub.3-x, (R.sup.1 O).sub.y (P.sub.2 O.sub.3)(OH).sub.4-y, and combinations thereof; the amine is a tertiary amine; each R.sup.1 is independently a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms per radical; x is 1 or 2; and y is 1, 2, or 3; and the cocatalyst can be a cobalt/aluminum catalyst, an antimony compound, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a process for producing the composition. The process comprises combining a titanium compound, a phosphorus compound, a solvent, an amine, a solvent, and optionally a cocatalyst. The phosphorus compound, amie, and solvent are the same as those disclosed above.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a titanium compound, a complexing agent, hypophosphorous acid or its metal salt, water and optionally a solvent. The complexing agent can be hydroxycarboxylic acid, alkanolamines, aminocarboxylic acids, or combinations of two or more thereof. The solvent can be water, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, isopropylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1-methyl propylene glycol, pentylene glycol, or combinations of two or more thereof. The titanium compound can be combined with a zirconium compound. Also disclosed is a process for using the composition for producing an ester or a polyester. The process comprises contacting a carbonyl compound, in the presence of the compositions, with an alcohol under a condition suitable for esterification, transesterification, polymerization, or combinations of two or more thereof.