Abstract: Light emitting diode lighting systems and methods useable to replace incandescent bulbs or other types of LED light sources in enclosed environments, such as in underwater lighting niches used in swimming pool, spa, fountain and other underwater lighting applications.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diode (LED) modules that generally comprise a) a frame or housing, b) a circuit board that comprises a solid state circuit and is mounted on the frame or in the housing, c) one or more LEDs connected to the solid state circuit and d) at least one of the following: i) a heat sink that extends outboard (e.g., outside the outer boundaries of) the housing or frame; and/or ii) a power regulator which controls power dissipation over load and line variations and/or a pulse regulation circuit which to regulates current pulses in the LEDs in the unfiltered full wave unregulated 60 cycle Hz alternating current (AC). These LED modules may be connected to one another in series and my operate on AC current. In some embodiments, these LED modules are used for channel letter lighting and other illuminated signage applications.