Abstract: Methods are disclosed for producing a prosthesis by at least partially cutting a material segment with a beam. The cutting is preferably controlled by a process control unit to cut the material segment along a pattern to generate a target image and size. In some embodiments, the material segment includes a tissue segment separated from an organism. An apparatus for cutting tissue comprises a tissue segment, a support platform, a beam generator and a process control unit. The beam generator is oriented to direct a beam at the tissue segment supported by the support platform. The process control unit is operably connected to the support platform. The improved cutting approaches can be used in the formation of heart valve prostheses.

Abstract: A variety of new ways can be used for associating antimicrobial elemental metal with a medical article. The associated antimicrobial metal reduces the risk of infection associated with the medical use of the medical article. New medical articles are produced by some of these new approaches. Some of the methods involve ways of adjusting the dissociation rate of associated elemental metal such that desired degrees of antimicrobial activity can be achieved over selected periods of time.

Abstract: A variety of new ways can be used for associating antimicrobial elemental metal with a medical article. The associated antimicrobial metal reduces the risk of infection associated with the medical use of the medical article. New medical articles are produced by some of these new approaches. Some of the methods involve ways of adjusting the dissociation rate of associated elemental metal such that desired degrees of antimicrobial activity can be achieved over selected periods of time.