Abstract: A tundish with improved flow characteristics for molten metal has an outlet in its base. The outlet is spaced longitudinally in the tundish from a pour zone. The pour zone is positioned to receive a stream of molten steel from a ladle. The outlet is provided with a refractory barrier at its upper end. A portion of the floor of the tundish circumferential to the outlet is provided with a refractory structure having an interior free volume. Structures within the tundish, such as a dam extending upwardly from the tundish floor between the pour zone and the outlet, or a well in the tundish floor surrounding the outlet, may be used to affect the flow of molten metal in the tundish.

Abstract: A tundish with improved flow characteristics for molten metal has an outlet in its base. The outlet is spaced longitudinally in the tundish from a pour zone. The pour zone is positioned to receive a stream of molten steel from a ladle. The outlet is provided with a refractory barrier at its upper end. A portion of the floor of the tundish circumferential to the outlet is provided with a refractory structure having an interior free volume. Structures within the tundish, such as a dam extending upwardly from the tundish floor between the pour zone and the outlet, or a well in the tundish floor surrounding the outlet, may be used to affect the flow of molten metal in the tundish.

Abstract: A tundish of improved flow characteristics for molten metal has an outlet in its base. The outlet is spaced longitudinally of the tundish from a pour zone. The pour zone is positioned to receive a stream of molten steel from a ladle. An impact pad is provided on the floor of the tundish in the pour zone, the impact pad comprising a base having an impact surface, an upwardly extending side wall along the periphery of the base, the side wall having an inner surface with an undercut portion to face the incoming steel stream, and the undercut portion having a surface shape to receive and reverse the direction of flow of the incoming stream. A dam is positioned between the impact pad and the outlet. The dam has one or more holes to allow through-passage of a proportion of the steel, and the dam extends upwardly from the tundish floor about 40-60% of the height of the uppermost level of steel in the tundish.

Abstract: A horizontal annular frame is provided for support immediately adjacent, but outwardly of, one side of a land vehicle with the frame mounted from a support adjustably vertically shiftable relative to the land vehicle. The frame is selectively openable to define a horizontal passageway thereinto to enable the frame to be horizontally advanced into position about a tree trunk below the branches thereof and the frame is closable after disposition about a tree trunk. When the frame is closed, it defines a circular track upon which a mount for a string canister is guidingly supported for powered movement about the track and inner peripheral portions of the frame include circumferentially spaced horizontal rollers for engaging and upwardly deflecting the limbs of a tree as the frame is elevated about the tree and the string canister is powered about the frame for spirally baling the tree limbs in their upwardly deflected positions.