Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes a substrate; a gate line located over the substrate and including a gate pad portion; a data line located over the gate line and including a source electrode and a data pad portion; a drain electrode; a first passivation layer located over the data line and the drain electrode; an organic insulating layer located over the first passivation layer and having a contact hole; a first field generating electrode located over the organic insulating layer and having an opening; a second passivation layer located over the first field generating electrode; and a second field generating electrode located over the second passivation layer. The contact hole coincides with or is smaller than the opening, and the contact hole has a tapered structure.

Abstract: A method for predicting charging time of a battery for an electric vehicle is provided. The method includes differentiating a rapid charging and a slow charging. A necessary charging amount of the battery is calculated, and a reference current value that is stored in advance is detected for slow charging. A time required for slowly charging a battery is calculated using the necessary charging amount and the reference current value.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell is provided that includes a membrane, electrodes on both sides of the membrane, respectively, and sub-gaskets bonded to the edges of the electrodes, respectively. In particular, the sub-gasket may be bonded to the membrane at a predetermined distance from the edge of the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lighting apparatus which stably performs dimming control on a lamp implemented with light emitting diodes (LEDs) or the like. The lighting apparatus may improve power efficiency by driving power supplied to a lamp in a current regulation method, perform constant current control such that the lamp maintains constant brightness, perform dimming control for controlling the brightness of the lamp, commonly supply the power provided to the lamp to peripheral circuit modules, and perform constant voltage control such that a driving voltage supplied as power is maintained at a predetermined level or more.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission device having a simple structure and capable of pulse driving and local dimming. The field emission device turns a current flowing from each cathode electrode block on or off in response to a switching control signal having a very low voltage ranging from 0 to 5 V while a constant voltage is applied to an anode electrode and a gate electrode to control a field emission current. Compared with a conventional field emission device, the field emission device having a simple structure is capable of pulse driving and local dimming without using a separate pulse driving high voltage power source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(arylene ether) copolymer having a cation exchange group, a method for manufacturing the same, and use thereof. The poly(arylene ether) copolymer having the cation exchange group according to the present invention has excellent physical characteristics, ion exchanging capacity, metal ion adsorption capacity and a processability, and thus can be molded in various shapes and can be extensively applied to various fields such as recovering of organic metal, air purification, catalysts, water treatment, medical fields and separating of proteins.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel including a plurality of data lines to which a data voltage is supplied, a plurality of gate lines to which a gate pulse is supplied, and a plurality of liquid crystal cells, a data drive circuit to invert a polarity of the data voltage in response to a polarity control signal and to output the data voltage to the data lines in response to a source output enable signal, a gate drive circuit to supply the gate pulse to the gate lines, and a POL/SOE logic circuit to invert the polarity control signal for every frame period except at Nth-multiple frame period (where N is a positive integer), wherein the POL/SOE logic circuit controls the polarity control signal at every Nth-multiple frame period such that the polarity of the data voltage is the same as the previous frame period and controls a pulse width of the source output enable signal at every Nth-multiple frame period to be longer than for the other frame periods.

Abstract: An apparatus that visually inspects a state of sludge and foreign substances found between steam generator bundles positioned at an upper portion of a tube sheet of a steam generator of a nuclear power plant using a visual inspector mounted in a robot moving on an inner wall surface of the steam generator for removing the foreign substances.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polyarylene-based polymer, a preparation method for the same, and a polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell using the polymer. The polyarylene-based polymer, which is designed to have long side chains of a hydrophilic moiety and dense sulfonic acid groups, may improve the formation of ion channels when fabricating a polymer membrane and also ensures good chemical stability of the hydrophilic moiety and good dimensional stability against water. Further, the preparation method of the present invention simplifies production of the polymer, and polymer electrolyte membranes using the polymer exhibits improved properties as a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, such as high proton conductivity, even under an atmosphere of low water uptake, and good dimensional stability against a long-term exposure to water.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a proton-conducting polymer and uses thereof and, more particularly, a hydrocarbon-based proton-conducting polymer derived from a monomer having a multi-naphthyl group and comprising a plurality of acid groups on the side chain of the repeating unit, an electrolyte membrane comprising the polymer, a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell comprising the membrane-electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer, a manufacturing method thereof and a polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polyarylene-based polymer, a preparation method for the same, and a polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell using the polymer. The polyarylene-based polymer, which is designed to have long side chains of a hydrophilic moiety and dense sulfonic acid groups, may improve the formation of ion channels when fabricating a polymer membrane and also ensures good chemical stability of the hydrophilic moiety and good dimensional stability against water. Further, the preparation method of the present invention simplifies production of the polymer, and polymer electrolyte membranes using the polymer exhibits improved properties as a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, such as high proton conductivity, even under an atmosphere of low water uptake, and good dimensional stability against a long-term exposure to water.

Abstract: A field emission device having a simple structure and capable of readily changing emission colors of light by adjusting emission intensity of red, green and blue light is provided. In the field emission device, current that flows into each cathode electrode block is adjusted according to a very low control pulse signal of 0 to 5 V with a predetermined voltage applied to an anode electrode and a gate electrode over time, so that emission intensities of red, green and blue are individually adjusted. Therefore, the current that flows into each cathode electrode block is adjusted in a simple manner using a control pulse signal of a low level without a separate pulse driving high-voltage power supply, so that emission intensities of red, green and blue can be arbitrarily adjusted and emission colors of the field emission device can be readily changed.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission lamp (FEL), which includes a plurality of cathode electrodes formed above a first substrate, an anode electrode formed under a second substrate to face the cathode electrode, a fluorescent layer composed of red, green and blue (RGB) patterns formed alternately on the anode electrode in an oblique direction, and a plurality of emitters formed on the cathode electrodes to correspond to the RGB patterns. According to the present invention, as an FEL having a fast response time is used as a backlight unit, a color breaking phenomenon can be prevented in a color sequential driving method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(arylene ether) copolymer having a cation exchange group, a method for manufacturing the same, and use thereof. The poly(arylene ether) copolymer having the cation exchange group according to the present invention has excellent physical characteristics, ion exchanging capacity, metal ion adsorption capacity and a processability, and thus can be molded in various shapes and can be extensively applied to various fields such as recovering of organic metal, air purification, catalysts, water treatment, medical fields and separating of proteins.

Abstract: Provided is a probe card which has a space transformer which may be effectively changed to correspond to a change in wafer chip structure and is capable of maximizing acceptable channels of the space transformer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(arylene ether) copolymer having an ion exchange group, particularly a positive ion exchange group, a method for manufacturing the same, and use thereof. In the poly(arylene ether) copolymer having the ion exchange group according to the present invention, physical characteristics, ion exchanging ability, metal ion adsorption ability and a proccessability are excellent, and thus the copolymer can be molded in various shapes and can be extensively applied to various fields such as recovering of organic metal, air purification, catalysts, water treatment, medical fields and separating of proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a poly(arylene ether) copolymer having an ion exchange group, particularly a positive ion exchange group, a method for manufacturing the same, and use thereof. In the poly(arylene ether) copolymer having the ion exchange group according to the present invention, physical characteristics, ion exchanging ability, metal ion adsorption ability and a processability are excellent, and thus the copolymer can be molded in various shapes and can be extensively applied to various fields such as recovering of organic metal, air purification, catalysts, water treatment, medical fields and separating of proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recliner for vehicle seats. The recliner includes a gear rim, a guide plate, a lever rotating shaft, a cam, elastic members, a main control disk, locking gears and locking gear support members. The gear rim has internal gear teeth. The guide plate is coupled to the gear rim and has guide blocks thereon. The lever rotating shaft is inserted through the gear rim and the guide plate. The cam has support protrusions on both ends thereof. The elastic members are provided on the inner surface of the guide plate, and each elastic member elastically supports a first end of the corresponding support protrusion. The main control disk is coupled to the cam. Inner and outer guide holes are formed through the main control disk. The locking gears are slidably provided between the facing guide blocks, and each locking gear has a support depression. The support depression has a concave curved surface and a convex curved surface. External gear teeth are formed in each locking gear.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a target protein via cultivation of transgenic plant cells comprising a promoter capable of expressing the protein under sugar-free conditions in the response to the depletion of sugar and a gene encoding the target protein, without exchange of a cell growth medium with a sugar-depleted medium comprising the addition of an amino acid mixture to the sugar-rich medium used to grow the plant cells.