Abstract: Disclosed is a USB adapter for a vehicle that can effectively dissipate heat generated during power supply and data transmission. The USB adapter includes a casing installed at a center fascia or a console box of the vehicle, wherein one surface of the casing is open; a printed circuit board received inside the casing, wherein a USB port is mounted at one end of the printed circuit board and a receptacle is mounted at the other end of the printed circuit board; and a heat dissipation member configured to transfer heat generated during power supply and data transmission to the casing, such that the casing dissipates the heat out of the USB adapter.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of secondary battery cells, a housing member accommodating a plurality of the secondary battery cells therein, and an insulating member disposed on an inner surface of the housing member, preventing flow of electrical current to the housing member, having a heat transfer function to discharge heat of the secondary battery cell externally, and formed to have a predetermined thickness.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to laser welding methods, monitoring methods, and monitoring systems for a secondary battery. A laser welding method for a secondary battery includes performing laser welding on a positive electrode base having a thin-film shape in which a plurality of positive electrode base tabs are formed at a side, a negative electrode base having a thin-film shape in which a plurality of negative electrode base tabs are formed at a side, and a thin-film multi-tab to be joined to each of the positive electrode base and the negative electrode base, a welded portion in which the multi-tab is welded with the positive electrode base and the negative electrode base being melting-joined by using a laser such that a plurality of welding spots is formed on the welded portion.

Abstract: A collision safety control system includes a memory storing a collision safety model having a deep learning-based collision safety control logic. The collision safety control system also includes a processor electrically connected to the memory. The processor is configured to, in accordance with the collision safety control logic, train, based on at least one signal including pre-collision data and post-collision data, the collision safety model such that the collision safety model outputs a collision type and a required time-to-fire (RTTF) of passenger protection equipment corresponding to the at least one signal.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator includes a casing body having a receiving space defined therein; a casing cover coupled to the casing body, wherein the casing cover includes a connector for transmission of power and signal; a bobbin assembly installed in the receiving space; a core coupled to and extending through the bobbin assembly, wherein the core has a working space defined therein; a housing surrounding a lower end of the core protruding out of the bobbin assembly; a plunger movably installed in the working space; and a rod coupled to and extending through the core, wherein the rod moves under movement of the plunger. The bobbin assembly includes a bobbin terminal, and the casing cover includes a connector terminal, wherein when the casing cover is coupled to the casing body, the connector terminal is connected to the bobbin terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a breather valve for controlling a pressure of a transfer channel of a valve assembly. The valve assembly controls charging and discharging of hydrogen in a hydrogen fuel cell-based vehicle. The breather valve includes a vent ring movably received in a distal portion of the transfer channel and having a ventilation hole communicating with a main portion of the transfer channel; and a vent valve received in the distal portion of the transfer channel and screw-coupled to the transfer channel to open or close the ventilation hole.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator includes a casing body having a receiving space defined therein; a casing cover coupled to the casing body, wherein the casing cover includes a connector for transmission of power and signal; a bobbin assembly installed in the receiving space; a core coupled to and extending through the bobbin assembly, wherein the core has a working space defined therein; a housing surrounding a lower end of the core protruding out of the bobbin assembly; a plunger movably installed in the working space; and a rod coupled to and extending through the core, wherein the rod moves under movement of the plunger. The bobbin assembly includes a bobbin terminal, and the casing cover includes a connector terminal, wherein when the casing cover is coupled to the casing body, the connector terminal is connected to the bobbin terminal.

Abstract: A washer liquid supply valve includes a valve body provided with an inflow hole and a discharge hole configured to allow a washer liquid to flow into and out of the valve body therethrough, a housing detachably combined with an upper part of the valve body, a coil assembly installed in the housing and configured to generate magnetic force when power is applied to the washer liquid supply valve, a core combined with the coil assembly while penetrating the coil assembly and magnetized by the magnetic force generated by the coil assembly, plunger installed in the core so as to be movable and configured to be moved upwards when power is applied to the washer liquid supply valve, and a spring interposed between the core and the plunger so as to elastically support the plunger towards the valve body.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converting apparatus includes a first stage converter which performs a first analog-to-digital conversion on an input analog signal during a first stage period, a second stage converter which receives a first residue from the first stage converter amplified by a first gain and which performs a second analog-to-digital conversion during a second stage period, and a recombination logic circuit which combines a first output signal from the first stage converter and a second output signal from the second stage converter into an output digital signal that corresponds to the input analog signal. The second stage converter generates a second stage feedback signal obtained by amplifying the second output signal by the first gain during a first sub-cycle in the second stage period, and generates a second output signal of a second sub-cycle subsequent to the first sub-cycle based on the second stage feedback signal.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converting apparatus includes a first stage converter which performs a first analog-to-digital conversion on an input analog signal during a first stage period, a second stage converter which receives a first residue from the first stage converter amplified by a first gain and which performs a second analog-to-digital conversion during a second stage period, and a recombination logic circuit which combines a first output signal from the first stage converter and a second output signal from the second stage converter into an output digital signal that corresponds to the input analog signal. The second stage converter generates a second stage feedback signal obtained by amplifying the second output signal by the first gain during a first sub-cycle in the second stage period, and generates a second output signal of a second sub-cycle subsequent to the first sub-cycle based on the second stage feedback signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an oil pump control valve and, specifically, an oil pump control valve allowing a discharge port and the inside of a solenoid part to communicate with each other through a spool so as to relieve pressure inside the solenoid part. A spool flow path, a vent hole, and a spool notch are formed so as to allow the solenoid part to communicate with the outside regardless of the flow of fluids when the valve is operated, thereby enabling the internal pressure of the solenoid part to be relieved. In addition, the spool and a rod are integrated such that the axial misalignment of the spool can be prevented and a holder has different diameter such that the flow of fluids can be controlled even during an abnormal power shutdown.

Abstract: Disclosed is a breather valve for controlling a pressure of a transfer channel of a valve assembly. The valve assembly controls charging and discharging of hydrogen in a hydrogen fuel cell-based vehicle. The breather valve includes a vent ring movably received in a distal portion of the transfer channel and having a ventilation hole communicating with a main portion of the transfer channel; and a vent valve received in the distal portion of the transfer channel and screw-coupled to the transfer channel to open or close the ventilation hole.

Abstract: A memory system may include: a controller suitable for: generating a first clock and first pattern data having a first phase difference, in a write calibration mode, calibrating, the first phase difference depending on a second information, in a read calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, a first information according to comparing of the first and second values, receiving by calibrating, a second phase difference generated by a memory device depending on the first information; and the memory device suitable for: generating the second clock and the second pattern data having the second phase difference, in the write calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, the second information according to comparing of the first and second values.

Abstract: A circuit for digital-to-analog conversion using a plurality of 3-level cells includes a circuit for digital-to-analog conversion using a plurality of 3-level cells mutually independently providing positive electricity, providing negative electricity, or floating. The circuit including a preprocess circuit and a shift circuit. The preprocess circuit is configured to receive thermometer code data generated from signed binary data and generate a shift count for shifting a cell pointer pointing to one of the plurality of 3-level cells for dynamic element matching (DEM) from the thermometer code data. The shift circuit is configured to store the cell pointer and shift the stored cell pointer according to the shift count. The shifted cell pointer is shifted in proportion to an absolute value of the binary data in a direction depending on a sign of the binary data.

Abstract: It is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide a dish washing machine capable of actively responding to a problem when circulation of washing water is not smoothly performed by sequentially and selectively performing a bubble removal operation, a filter blockage removal operation, and a water supply operation, and a method of controlling the same.

Abstract: A memory system may include: a controller suitable for: generating a first clock and first pattern data having a first phase difference, in a write calibration mode, calibrating, the first phase difference depending on a second information, in a read calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, a first information according to comparing of the first and second values, receiving by calibrating, a second phase difference generated by a memory device depending on the first information; and the memory device suitable for: generating the second clock and the second pattern data having the second phase difference, in the write calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, the second information according to comparing of the first and second values.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an oil pump control valve and, specifically, an oil pump control valve allowing a discharge port and the inside of a solenoid part to communicate with each other through a spool so as to relieve pressure inside the solenoid part. A spool flow path, a vent hole, and a spool notch are formed so as to allow the solenoid part to communicate with the outside regardless of the flow of fluids when the valve is operated, thereby enabling the internal pressure of the solenoid part to be relieved. In addition, the spool and a rod are integrated such that the axial misalignment of the spool can be prevented and a holder has different diameter such that the flow of fluids can be controlled even during an abnormal power shutdown.

Abstract: A circuit for digital-to-analog conversion using a plurality of 3-level cells includes a circuit for digital-to-analog conversion using a plurality of 3-level cells mutually independently providing positive electricity, providing negative electricity, or floating. The circuit including a preprocess circuit and a shift circuit. The preprocess circuit is configured to receive thermometer code data generated from signed binary data and generate a shift count for shifting a cell pointer pointing to one of the plurality of 3-level cells for dynamic element matching (DEM) from the thermometer code data. The shift circuit is configured to store the cell pointer and shift the stored cell pointer according to the shift count. The shifted cell pointer is shifted in proportion to an absolute value of the binary data in a direction depending on a sign of the binary data.

Abstract: A memory system may include: a controller suitable for: generating a first clock and first pattern data having a first phase difference, in a write calibration mode, calibrating, the first phase difference depending on a second information, in a read calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, a first information according to comparing of the first and second values, receiving by calibrating, a second phase difference generated by a memory device depending on the first information; and the memory device suitable for: generating the second clock and the second pattern data having the second phase difference, in the write calibration mode, detecting, a first and second value of the first and second pattern data according to the first and second clock, generating, the second information according to comparing of the first and second values.

Abstract: There are provided a controller of a semiconductor memory device, which stores data for debug processing, and an operating method of the controller. A controller for controlling a semiconductor memory device includes an event occurrence detection unit configured to detect whether an event occurs, an event information generation unit configured to generate event information in response to the detecting result from the event occurrence detection unit, and a command generation unit configured to generate a command for storing the event information in the semiconductor memory device.