Abstract: A semiconductor package according to an embodiment includes a first substrate layer; and a second substrate layer disposed on the first substrate layer, wherein the first substrate layer includes at least one first insulating layer; a first circuit pattern disposed on the first insulating layer; and a first via passing through the first insulating layer and connected to the first circuit pattern, wherein the second substrate layer includes a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer; a second circuit pattern disposed on the second insulating layer; and a second via passing through the second insulating layer and connected to the second circuit pattern, wherein the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer include different insulating materials and wherein a width of the first via is different from a width of the second via.

Abstract: A method of providing a warning about a vehicle in violation of a traffic signal, including: transmitting, by a rear vehicle driving behind a front vehicle entering an intersection in a first direction, signal violation information to a nearby vehicle entering the intersection in a second direction different from the first direction through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication when the rear vehicle determines whether the front vehicle is in violation of a traffic signal at the intersection using sensing information obtained by sensing the front vehicle and determines that the front vehicle is in violation of the traffic signal; and generating, by the nearby vehicle, a warning about a risk of collision with the front vehicle using the signal violation information transmitted from the rear vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, quasi-drug, and food composition for preventing, ameliorating, or treating steatohepatitis, comprising a curcumin derivative and a TGF-? receptor inhibitor as active ingredients. In the composition, the TGF-? receptor inhibitor inhibits fibrosis of liver tissues, the curcumin derivative inhibits adipogenesis of hepatocyte increased during fibrosis inhibition process. Thus, compared to when a curcumin derivative or a TGF-? receptor inhibitor is administered alone as in the conventional cases, the composition exhibits an excellent effect of preventing and treating steatohepatitis, and therefore, can be used as a pharmaceutical composition, quasi-drug, and food composition for preventing, ameliorating, or treating metabolic liver diseases, including steatohepatitis.

Abstract: A method of providing a warning about a vehicle in violation of a traffic signal includes: transmitting, by a rear vehicle driving behind a front vehicle entering an intersection in a first direction, signal violation information to a nearby vehicle entering the intersection in a second direction different from the first direction through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication when the rear vehicle determines whether the front vehicle is in violation of a traffic signal at the intersection using sensing information obtained by sensing the front vehicle and determines that the front vehicle is in violation of the traffic signal; and generating, by the nearby vehicle, a warning about a risk of collision with the front vehicle using the signal violation information transmitted from the rear vehicle.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer; a first circuit pattern disposed on a first surface of the insulating layer; a first solder resist disposed on the first surface of the insulating layer; and a first barrier layer including a first-first portion disposed between the first solder resist and the first circuit pattern, and a first-second portion disposed between the insulating layer and the first circuit pattern; wherein the firs-first portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-first gold (Au) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-first palladium (Pd) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first-first gold (Au) layer; wherein the first-second portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-second gold (Au) layer disposed to surround a side surface and an upper surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-second palladium (Pd) layer disposed to surround the first-second gold (Au) layer; and wherein the first c

Abstract: A thermoelectric module includes an N-type thermoelectric material and a P-type thermoelectric material disposed so as to be spaced apart from the N-type thermoelectric material. A flexible electrode is electrically connected to the N-type thermoelectric material and the P-type thermoelectric material. The flexible electrode is configured to bend to match a curvature of an object, e.g., a steering wheel of a vehicle.

Abstract: A method of providing a warning about a vehicle in violation of a traffic signal includes: transmitting, by a rear vehicle driving behind a front vehicle entering an intersection in a first direction, signal violation information to a nearby vehicle entering the intersection in a second direction different from the first direction through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication when the rear vehicle determines whether the front vehicle is in violation of a traffic signal at the intersection using sensing information obtained by sensing the front vehicle and determines that the front vehicle is in violation of the traffic signal; and generating, by the nearby vehicle, a warning about a risk of collision with the front vehicle using the signal violation information transmitted from the rear vehicle.

Abstract: A thermoelectric module includes an N-type thermoelectric material and a P-type thermoelectric material disposed so as to be spaced apart from the N-type thermoelectric material. A flexible electrode is electrically connected to the N-type thermoelectric material and the P-type thermoelectric material. The flexible electrode is configured to bend to match a curvature of an object, e.g., a steering wheel of a vehicle.

Abstract: A memory device is provided. The memory device receives a main clock signal and provides an internal main clock signal; a data clock buffer to receive a data clock signal; and a latency control circuit configured to generate latency information based on the data clock signal and provide the latency information to a data circuit. The latency control circuit includes: a divider configured to generate divided-by-two clock signals based on the data clock signal; a divider configured to generate divided-by-four clock signals based on a first group of the divided-by-two clock signals; a first synchronization detector configured to output divided-by-two alignment signals indicating whether a second group of divided-by-two clock signals is synchronized with the data clock signal; and a latency selector configured to detect phases of the divided-by-four clock signals based on the divided-by-two alignment signals and adjust a latency of the main clock signal based on the phases.

Abstract: A memory device is provided. The memory device receives a main clock signal and provides an internal main clock signal; a data clock buffer to receive a data clock signal; and a latency control circuit configured to generate latency information based on the data clock signal and provide the latency information to a data circuit. The latency control circuit includes: a divider configured to generate divided-by-two clock signals based on the data clock signal; a divider configured to generate divided-by-four clock signals based on a first group of the divided-by-two clock signals; a first synchronization detector configured to output divided-by-two alignment signals indicating whether a second group of divided-by-two clock signals is synchronized with the data clock signal; and a latency selector configured to detect phases of the divided-by-four clock signals based on the divided-by-two alignment signals and adjust a latency of the main clock signal based on the phases.

Abstract: A touch window according to an embodiment comprises: a substrate; a sensing electrode arranged on the substrate; and a reflection prevention layer arranged on the sensing electrode, wherein the reflection prevention layer comprises a first sub reflection prevention layer arranged on a first surface of the sensing electrode, a third sub reflection prevention layer arranged on a second surface, which lies opposite the first surface, and second sub reflection prevention layers arranged on both side surfaces, which connect the first and second surfaces, respectively.

Abstract: A touch window includes a substrate including an available area and an unavailable area; and an electrode layer formed on the substrate, wherein the electrode layer includes a conductive layer and a protective layer formed on the conductive layer, the protective layer is in direct contact with the conductive layer, the protective layer has a thickness different from that of the conductive layer, and the protective layer includes a black-based color.

Abstract: A touch device according to the embodiment includes a display panel; and a touch panel disposed on the display panel and including a curved surface, wherein an air gap is formed between the display panel and the touch panel. Thus, erosion and defects of components caused by the moisture penetrating into the air gap can be prevented so that the touch device according to the embodiments can improve the durability and the reliability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch panel. The touch panel includes a plurality of sensing electrode patterns spaced apart from each other on a substrate; and a bridge electrically connecting the sensing electrode patterns to each other, wherein an end portion of the bridge is perpendicular to a surface of the substrate or is inclined within a predetermined angle with respect to a perpendicular line of the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a tetrapeptide for inhibiting VEGF-induced angiogenesis and a use thereof, and particularly, provided is a peptide having the amino acid sequence of R-X1-X2-E (wherein X1 is leucine (L), isoleucine (I) or valine (V), and X2 is tyrosine (Y) or phenylalanine (F)) for inhibiting angiogenesis, or preventing, improving or treating cancer. This research was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP), Republic of Korea, in 2011 and 2013 [NRF-2011-0028790 and 2013M3A9B6046563]. The tetrapeptide may effectively inhibit VEGF-induced angiogenesis or growth of cancer cells without a risk of side effects, and therefore may be expected to exhibit an excellent anticancer effect.

Abstract: A touch window according to an embodiment comprises: a substrate; a sensing electrode arranged on the substrate; and a reflection prevention layer arranged on the sensing electrode, wherein the reflection prevention layer comprises a first sub reflection prevention layer arranged on a first surface of the sensing electrode, a third sub reflection prevention layer arranged on a second surface, which lies opposite the first surface, and second sub reflection prevention layers arranged on both side surfaces, which connect the first and second surfaces, respectively.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode pattern of a touch panel, including: a plurality of conductive pattern cells which are formed to be spaced apart from each other on a substrate; and an insulating layer which is formed on the conductive pattern cells; and a plurality of metal bridge line electrodes which are formed on the insulating layer so that the conductive pattern cells are connected to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a touch panel and a method for manufacturing the same. The touch panel includes a touch panel including a substrate, a sensor part on the substrate and a connection electrode connecting the sensor part, and a light absorbing layer on the substrate. The light absorbing layer is closer to the substrate rather than the connection electrode. The method includes preparing a substrate, forming a sensor part and a connection electrode on the substrate, and forming a light absorbing layer on the substrate. The light absorbing layer is closer to the substrate rather than the connection electrode.

Abstract: A touch window includes a substrate including an available area and an unavailable area; and an electrode layer formed on the substrate, wherein the electrode layer includes a conductive layer and a protective layer formed on the conductive layer, the protective layer is in direct contact with the conductive layer, the protective layer has a thickness different from that of the conductive layer, and the protective layer includes a black-based color.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch panel. The touch panel includes a plurality of sensing electrode patterns spaced apart from each other on a substrate; and a bridge electrically connecting the sensing electrode patterns to each other, wherein an end portion of the bridge is perpendicular to a surface of the substrate or is inclined within a predetermined angle with respect to a perpendicular line of the surface of the substrate.