Abstract: A telephone is provided with a port for disconnectably connecting an external information source, such as an MP3 player, to the telephone, and an on-hold function that operates while a call of the telephone is on hold and either presents to the telephone's user the information from the external source if the external source is connected, or presents to the user on-hold information from a telephone network if the external source is not connected, or presents silence at the user's option, irrespective of whether or not the external source is connected.

Abstract: A method of improving the water permeability and/or cleaning a porous polymeric microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane, preferably a hydrophobic/hydrophilic blended membrane, eg P VdF/PVP comprising the step of contacting the porous polymeric membrane with a source of monopersulfate, preferably an aqueous solution of 2KHSO5.KHSO4.K2SO4.

Abstract: A charged porous polymeric membrane comprises a porous polymeric membrane substrate comprising a polymeric membrane material and a first polymer having a first functional group, the first polymer is compatible with the membrane material, and a charged polymer has a second functional group, the charged polymer can react with the first polymer to bond the charged polymer to the first polymer, forming a charged coating on the membrane outer and inner surfaces. The membrane may be a microporous or an ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane may be a hollow fiber, flat sheet, or tubular membrane. Methods of manufacturing the membranes and method of using of the membranes to remove viral particles from contaminated water are further described.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for determining the status and/or extent of damage caused by a disaster. More specifically, a disaster status system (DSS) is used to create a backup communication network, in the event that the primary communication network has been damaged, to locate and/or contact users that may be in or around a disaster-affected area.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for scheduling recurring calendar items. More specifically, a recurring meeting may be scheduled between participants where the recurring meeting includes at least two different meetings that are set to occur at two different times with a determined periodicity. Allowable dates and times for the recurring meeting can be scheduled based on a number of criteria defined such as the availability of the participants for all meeting times and the availability of participants for certain meeting times.

Abstract: A method of improving the water permeability and/or cleaning a porous polymeric membrane (such as a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane comprising the step of contacting said a porous polymeric membrane with a source of monopersulfate and a halide ion, such as chloride and optionally a base. The source of monopersulfate may be potassium monopersulfate in conjunction with potassium hydrogen sulfate and potassium sulfate, ie a triple salt of formula 2KHSO5.KHSO4.K2SO4.

Abstract: Methods for cleaning a membrane, such a porous polymeric ultrafiltration or microfÊltration membranes (eg PVdF or Halar), comprising contacting the membrane with an aqueous solution comprising a monopersulfate anion. Buffers, chelating agents, catalysts, and combinations thereof can be added. The monopersulfate anion is most advantageously in the form of a potassium triple salt Of H2SO5, HSO5?, SO52?. Solutions comprising monopersulfate anions can be fed into a feed side of the membrane and the membrane is allowed to stand and soak in the solution or injected to the filtrate side prior to a membrane backwash. An aeration step and/or irradiation with ultraviolet light can be used.

Abstract: Methods of forming a hydrophilic porous polymeric membrane which include preparing a porous polymeric membrane from a polymer blend which typically contains a hydrophobic non crosslinkable component (e.g. PVdF) and a component which is cross-linkable (for instance, PVP) and treating said porous polymeric membrane under cross linking conditions to produce a modified membrane with greatly improved water permeability and hydrophilic stability. Cross linking condition include chemical (e.g. peroxodisulfate species), thermal or radiation and/or combinations thereof. Non cross linked material may be washed out if desired.

Abstract: A method of improving the water permeability and/or cleaning a porous polymeric microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane, preferably a hydrophobic/hydrophilic blended membrane, eg P VdF/PVP comprising the step of contacting the porous polymeric membrane with a source of monopersulfate, preferably an aqueous solution of 2KHSO5.KHSO4.K2SO4.

Abstract: Formulation polymer dopes and development of processes for preparing asymmetric polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes for gas separation are provided. Polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes which exhibit improved gas permeability and selectivity have been produced from a formulated polymer dope containing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and suitable nonsolvent-additives (NSA). The nonsolvent-additives are water and the mixture of ethanol and water. The dopes were tailored to be close to the point of phase separation, and have moderate polymer concentration with moderate viscosity. The hollow fibers were spun by the dry-wet phase inversion processes using water as both the internal and external coagulant. The dried hollow fibers are then coated with silicone rubber, a highly permeable material and the coated hollow fiber membranes exhibit excellent permeability and selectivity compared to those of the state-of-the-art polyethersulfone membranes.