Abstract: In video compression systems, a system and method for reducing visible artifacts in video coding using multiple reference pictures are provided. A first GOP characterized by a “bbIbbBbbBbbB” structure and a second GOP characterized by “bbIbbQbbMbbQ” GOP structure may be used to reduce “I” frame clicking. The “B,” “b,” “Q,” and “M” pictures may be inter-coded by using multiple prediction dependencies, including dependency to a next GOP “I” picture, to smooth out discontinuities across GOPs in a video sequence. Prediction dependencies may be based on a weighing scheme where assigned weights are a function of the temporal distance between reference pictures and the picture being encoded. A first video compression system may be used for the first GOP and may encode “I,” “B,” and “b” pictures. A second video compression system may be used for the second GOP and may encode “I,” “Q,” “M,” and “b” pictures.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises downscaling at least one original reference picture; classifying the content of the macroblocks of the picture; and selecting a spatial prediction mode for each of the macroblocks of the picture based on the content classification. If it is determined that a macroblock is to be coded using spatial encoding, the macroblock is coded using the associated prediction mode.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises performing motion estimation in parallel of a plurality of pictures using original reference pictures associated with the plurality of pictures; examining the plurality of pictures to determine whether their content is complex; and low pass filtering pictures with complex content to smooth them before proceeding to continue with the encoding process.

Abstract: Presented herein are system(s), method(s), and apparatus for improving the display of compressed video data. In one embodiment, there is presented a method for encoding video data. The method comprises estimating a displayed intensity of a video source displayed on a predetermined display device; estimating a displayed intensity of the reconstruction of the video source displayed on a predetermined display device; and correcting the video source as a function of the estimated displayed intensity of the video source on the predetermined display device and the estimated displayed intensity of the reconstruction of the video source on the predetermined display device.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is presented a method for encoding video data. The method comprises receiving an estimates of amounts of data for encoding earlier pictures; providing target rates based on the estimates of data for encoding the earlier pictures; receiving measures indicative of the actual data for encoding the earlier pictures; and providing at least one target rate for encoding at least one later picture based on the target rates for encoding the earlier pictures and the measures indicative of the actual data for encoding the earlier pictures.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises estimating amounts of data for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel. A plurality of target rates are generated corresponding to the plurality of pictures and based on the estimated amounts of data for encoding the plurality of pictures. The plurality of pictures are then lossy compressed based on the target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises estimating amounts of data for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel. A plurality of target rates are generated corresponding to the plurality of pictures and based on the estimated amounts of data for encoding the plurality of pictures. The plurality of pictures are then lossy compressed based on the target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises estimating amounts of data for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel; generating a plurality of target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures based on the estimated amounts of data for encoding the plurality of pictures; and lossy compressing the plurality of pictures based on the target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures.

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for real-time high definition television encoding. In one embodiment, there is a method for encoding video data. The method comprises estimating amounts of data for encoding a plurality of pictures in parallel; generating a plurality of target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures based on the estimated amounts of data for encoding the plurality of pictures; and lossy compressing the plurality of pictures based on the target rates corresponding to the plurality of pictures.

Abstract: Described herein is a method and system for testing rate control in a video encoder. The method and system can use relative persistence and intensity of video data in a macroblock to classify that macroblock. On a relative basis, a greater number of bits can be allocated to persistent video data with a low intensity. The quantization is adjusted accordingly. Adjusting quantization prior to video encoding enables a corresponding bit allocation that can preserve a bit rate requirement.

Abstract: Described herein is a method and system for rate control in a video encoder. The method and system can use relative persistence and intensity of video data in a macroblock to classify that macroblock. On a relative basis, a greater number of bits can be allocated to persistent video data with a low intensity. The quantization is adjusted accordingly. Adjusting quantization prior to video encoding enables a corresponding bit allocation that can preserve perceptual quality.

Abstract: In digital-to-analog conversion systems, a method and system for increased effective resolution in an N-bit DAC are provided. Additional resolution may be provided in an N-bit DAC by increasing the number of periods that an N-bit PWM may utilize to generate an output train of pulse widths with a desired duty cycle. An increased resolution bits parameter may correspond to the additional bits necessary to provide the increased resolution. An iterative process by which a desired value is converted into a sequence of N-bit control words may be based on a desired analog value and the increased resolution bits parameter. In addition to higher resolution, most of the output pulse AC energy is concentrated at the N-bit PWM basic frequency and above, allowing for simpler analog filtering of the pulse width modulated signal.

Abstract: In video compression systems, a system and method for reducing visible artifacts in video coding using multiple reference pictures are provided. A first GOP characterized by a “bbIbbBbbBbbB” structure and a second GOP characterized by “bbIbbQbbMbbQ” GOP structure may be used to reduce “I” frame clicking. The “B,” “b,” “Q” and “M” pictures may be inter-coded by using multiple prediction dependencies, including dependency to a next GOP “I” picture, to smooth out discontinuities across GOPs in a video sequence. Prediction dependencies may be based on a weighing scheme where assigned weights are a function of the temporal distance between reference pictures and the picture being encoded. A first video compression system may be used for the first GOP and may encode “I,” “B,” and “b” pictures. A second video compression system may be used for the second GOP and may encode “I,” “Q,” “M,” and “b” pictures.

Abstract: In a video processing system, a method and system for dynamic selection of transform size in a video decoder based on signal content are provided. For high profile mode video decoding operations, inverse transform sizes may be selected from a 4×4 or an 8×8 inverse transform size based on a transform size syntax element generated by the encoding operation and transmitted as part of the encoded video information bit stream. A set of rules is defined for selecting the transform size based on a macroblock type and a size of the macroblock type of a received macroblock in a video decoder. Dynamic selection of transform size may be performed on intra-coded macroblocks, inter-coded macroblocks, and/or direct mode inter-coded macroblocks.

Abstract: In a video processing system, a method and system for generating a transform size syntax element for video decoding are provided. For high profile mode video decoding operations, the transform sizes may be selected based on the prediction macroblock type and the contents of the macroblock. A set of rules may be utilized to select from a 4×4 or an 8×8 transform size during the encoding operation. Dynamic selection of transform size may be performed on intra-predicted macroblocks, inter-predicted macroblocks, and/or direct mode inter-predicted macroblocks. The encoding operation may generate a transform size syntax element to indicate the transform size that may be used in reconstructing the encoded macroblock.

Abstract: In digital-to-analog conversion systems, a method and system for increased effective resolution in an N-bit DAC are provided. Additional resolution may be provided in an N-bit DAC by increasing the number of periods that an N-bit PWM may utilize to generate an output train of pulse widths with a desired duty cycle. An increased resolution bits parameter may correspond to the additional bits necessary to provide the increased resolution. An iterative process by which a desired value is converted into a sequence of N-bit control words may be based on a desired analog value and the increased resolution bits parameter. In addition to higher resolution, most of the output pulse AC energy is concentrated at the N-bit PWM basic frequency and above, allowing for simpler analog filtering of the pulse width modulated signal.

Abstract: An enhanced scan chain architecture includes scan cells capable of holding two sets of state data associated with the functional blocks, or “modules,” of a system (e.g., an integrated circuit, a multi-chip module, a printed circuit board, and the like), thereby rendering state data associated with a module accessible. The scan chains are employed, during normal operation, to manage (e.g., save, restore, swap, etc.) state data during multi-tasking and/or testing. Control logic redirects the input of the chain, or selected portions thereof, to a source of saved state when initiating or restoring a task; and/or redirects the output of the chain, or selected portions thereof, to a storage source when one task is interrupted and/or another task is resumed.