Abstract: A co-extruded, dual-texture animal food is provided. The food has a dry outer portion partially surrounding a semi-moist inner portion. The inner portion has a higher or similar moisture content and a softer texture compared to the outer portion which has a lower moisture content and harder texture. The outer portion comprises cereal grain and a legume at about 75-85% of the weight of the outer portion, and an animal-based protein contributing to about 5-10% of the weight or more of the outer portion. The inner portion has animal-derived grease mixed with lactic acid at about 3% by weight of the inner portion, along with at least one meat comprising at least 3% by weight of the inner portion. The composition inhibits moisture transference within and between individual pieces of the food. The food is shelf stable and the inner and outer portions retain their hardness and moisture profiles, post-packaging.

Abstract: A co-extruded, dual-texture animal food is provided. The food has a dry outer portion partially surrounding a semi-moist inner portion. The inner portion has a higher or similar moisture content and a softer texture compared to the outer portion which has a lower moisture content and harder texture. The outer portion comprises cereal grain and a legume at about 75-85% of the weight of the outer portion, and an animal-based protein contributing to about 5-10% of the weight or more of the outer portion. The inner portion has animal-derived grease mixed with lactic acid at about 3% by weight of the inner portion, along with at least one meat comprising at least 3% by weight of the inner portion. The composition inhibits moisture transference within and between individual pieces of the food. The food is shelf stable and the inner and outer portions retain their hardness and moisture profiles, post-packaging.

Abstract: A co-extruded, dual-texture animal food is provided. The food has a dry outer portion partially surrounding a semi-moist inner portion. The inner portion has a higher or similar moisture content and a softer texture compared to the outer portion which has a lower moisture content and harder texture. The outer portion comprises cereal grain and a legume at about 75-85% of the weight of the outer portion, and an animal-based protein contributing to about 5-10% of the weight or more of the outer portion. The inner portion has animal-derived grease mixed with lactic acid at about 3% by weight of the inner portion, along with at least one meat comprising at least 3% by weight of the inner portion. The composition inhibits moisture transference within and between individual pieces of the food. The food is shelf stable and the inner and outer portions retain their hardness and moisture profiles, post-packaging.

Abstract: A method of operating Raman amplification pump lasers, especially in telecommunication systems, is described and claimed, in which the Raman pump laser output powers are modulated in characteristic fashions. Parameters of these characteristic modulations may be detected at remote locations (i.e. locations along the communications fibres) even in the presence of large amounts of noise. Thus, by detecting losses of signals indicative of the characteristic modulations, breaks in the communication fibres can be detected more reliably. The disappearance of these signals can then be used to shut down the typically high power Raman pump lasers, thereby reducing the possibility of high laser powers escaping from the broken fibres. The specification also described an improved method of detecting the disappearance of a data signal at an amplifier unit, using a periodic filter to split the incoming signal into two streams, the first stream comprising data and noise, and the second comprising noise only.