Abstract: A computer-based method of providing reading training to a student is provided. The method, based on a training model having individualized program streams, incorporates automatic system intervention to enhance program mastery and decrease reliance on teacher resources. This automatic intervention may accelerate a training stream for students demonstrating early mastery or it may add a review step and/or program modifications for students who are struggling with assigned tasks. Although teachers are advised of a student's progress through the multi-stage program, hands-on intervention is only required for students experiencing extreme difficulties.

Abstract: A computer-based method of providing reading training to a student is provided. The method, based on a training model having individualized program streams, incorporates automatic system intervention to enhance program mastery and decrease reliance on teacher resources. This automatic intervention may accelerate a training stream for students demonstrating early mastery or it may add a review step and/or program modifications for students who are struggling with assigned tasks. Although teachers are advised of a student's progress through the multi-stage program, hands-on intervention is only required for students experiencing extreme difficulties.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a plurality of spaced-apart plates and a plurality of spacers that separate the plates. The plates and spacers cooperate to form hot-side and cold-side passageways. The plates are made of a thermally and electrically conductive material, and the spacers are made of an electrically non-conductive material. A voltage is applied across the plates to electro-hydrodynamically increase heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A computer-based method of providing reading instruction to a student. The software program implemented in a computer-based environment provides a balanced approach to reading based on different programmed components namely phonemic awareness reading subskills and reading comprehension. The program sets out a predefined sequence which incorporates the aforementioned components in a manner which develops enhanced reading ability and improved comprehension.

Abstract: A computer-based method of providing reading instruction to a student. The software program implemented in a computer-based environment provides a balanced approach to reading based on different programmed components namely phonemic awareness reading subskills and reading comprehension. The program sets out a predefined sequence which incorporates the aforementioned components in a manner which develops enhanced reading ability and improved comprehension.

Abstract: Unlike the prior art crutch that in essence extends the shoulder to the ground to bear the weight of the injured person when walking, the novel walking device of the invention includes an upright staff that extends the pelvis to the ground on the side of an injury. Upper and lower receiving members for receiving and securing to the thigh and calf of an injured leg are attached to the staff and securing means secure the thigh and calf to said receiving means. The injured limb bears the load in compression rather than in shear.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for separating ions from a liquid through use of static fields generated by permanently polarized members such as electrets which cooperate with membranes that act as mechanical inhibitors in encouraging positive ions to remain with a positive region of the apparatus and negative ions to remain within a negative region of the apparatus, thereby leaving a relatively ion-free effluent in a neutral region of the apparatus. The ions are separated through static electrical fields, which are permanently generated by the polarized material. The separation is enhanced by pressurizing the liquid above ambient to a certain optimum value.

Abstract: Natural gas admixed with nitrogen is flowed through an absorber at approximately 250-300 psia and at ambient temperature. An absorbent comprised primarily of a petroleum base fluid having a low vapor pressure and a high boiling point is flowed countercurrently through the absorber. The natural gas is absorbed preferentially to the nitrogen in the absorbent. The nitrogen is exhausted from the absorber. The rich absorbent is flowed into a desorber through a regulator reducing the pressure to approximately 65 psia, thus effecting desorption of the natural gas. The desorbed natural gas is then flowed to market. The lean absorbent is repressurized and recycled to the absorber. Two or more absorbers may be connected in series.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for separating ions from a liquid through use of static fields generated by permanently polarized members which cooperate with membranes that act as mechanical inhibitors in encouraging positive ions to remain within a positive region of the apparatus and negative ions to remain within a negative region of the apparatus, thereby leaving a relatively ion-free effluent in a neutral region of the apparatus. The ions are separated through static electrical fields, which are permanently generated by the polarized material.

Abstract: In a data processing system having linked lists it is useful to be able to add and delete items from such lists while maintaining the integrity of the linked nature of such lists. A new compare and swap instruction provides for effectively simultaneously swapping 2 values which is useful for safely adding and deleting items from linked lists. Prior to the instruction the status of the two value are read at the locations to be swapped. During the instruction these locations are checked again to ensure that no change has occurred at these locations before the instruction performs the swap of the two new values. The instruction then performs the proposed 2 value swap but only if no change has occurred at these two locations where the swap is to be performed.

Abstract: A time-depth integrator for divers to indicate when a diver is approaching or has reached the maximum safe time limit for a dive without requiring decompression procedures when surfacing includes an evacuated chamber with an elongate channel communicating therewith. The channel has a breakable seal and contains an orifice so that when the seal is broken under water, water flows through the orifice into and along the channel to the evacuated chamber. Indications along the length of the channel show how far water has progressed in the channel and indicate the maximum safe limit and approach thereto.

Abstract: Sulfur-bearing coke is desulfurized by heating it and reacting it with dilute sulfur vapor to form carbon disulfide. The reaction will proceed utilizing air-polluting sulfur components in the coke, thereby removing such components to provide a relatively non-polluting coke as a fuel.