Abstract: A cobalt-rich wear resistant and corrosion resistant alloy useful for parts of a combustion engine such as valve seat inserts includes, in weight % about 0.1 to about 0.8% C, about 0.1 to about 1.5% Mn, about 3 to about 5% Si, about 10 to about 20% Cr, about 5 to about 32% Fe, about 0.5 to about 4% W, about 10 to about 30% Mo, up to about 20% Ni, about 20 to about 40% Co, up to about 6% V, up to about 3% Nb, total V plus Nb of about 0.5 to about 8.5% and balance unavoidable impurities including up to 0.035% P, up to 0.015% S and up to 0.250% N.

Abstract: A cobalt-rich wear resistant and corrosion resistant alloy useful for parts of a combustion engine such as valve seat inserts includes, in weight % about 0.1 to about 0.8% C, about 0.1 to about 1.5% Mn, about 3 to about 5% Si, about 10 to about 20% Cr, about 5 to about 32% Fe, about 0.5 to about 4% W, about 10 to about 30% Mo, up to about 20% Ni, about 20 to about 40% Co, up to about 6% V, up to about 3% Nb, total V plus Nb of about 0.5 to about 8.5% and balance unavoidable impurities including up to 0.035% P, up to 0.015% S and up to 0.250% N.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy includes, in weight percent, carbon from about 2 to about 3 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 0.4 percent; silicon from about 0.3 to about 0.8 percent; chromium from about 11.5 to about 14.5 percent; nickel from about 0.05 to about 0.6 percent; vanadium from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent; molybdenum from about 4 to about 7 percent; tungsten from about 3 to about 5 percent; niobium from about 1 to about 3 percent; cobalt from about 3 to about 5 percent; boron from zero to about 0.2 percent; and the balance containing iron and incidental impurities. The alloy is suitable for use in elevated temperature applications such as in valve seat inserts for combustion engines.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy includes, in weight percent, carbon from about 2 to about 3 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 0.4 percent; silicon from about 0.3 to about 0.8 percent; chromium from about 11.5 to about 14.5 percent; nickel from about 0.05 to about 0.6 percent; vanadium from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent; molybdenum from about 4 to about 7 percent; tungsten from about 3 to about 5 percent; niobium from about 1 to about 3 percent; cobalt from about 3 to about 5 percent; boron from zero to about 0.2 percent; and the balance containing iron and incidental impurities. The alloy is suitable for use in elevated temperature applications such as in valve seat inserts for combustion engines.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy includes, in weight percent, carbon from about 2 to about 3 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 0.4 percent; silicon from about 0.3 to about 0.8 percent; chromium from about 11.5 to about 14.5 percent; nickel from about 0.05 to about 0.6 percent; vanadium from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent; molybdenum from about 4 to about 7 percent; tungsten from about 3 to about 5 percent; niobium from about 1 to about 3 percent; cobalt from about 3 to about 5 percent; boron from zero to about 0.2 percent; and the balance containing iron and incidental impurities. The alloy is suitable for use in elevated temperature applications such as in valve seat inserts for combustion engines.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy includes, in weight percent, carbon from about 2 to about 3 percent; manganese from about 0.1 to about 0.4 percent; silicon from about 0.3 to about 0.8 percent; chromium from about 11.5 to about 14.5 percent; nickel from about 0.05 to about 0.6 percent; vanadium from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent; molybdenum from about 4 to about 7 percent; tungsten from about 3 to about 5 percent; niobium from about 1 to about 3 percent; cobalt from about 3 to about 5 percent; boron from zero to about 0.2 percent; and the balance containing iron and incidental impurities. The alloy is suitable for use in elevated temperature applications such as in valve seat inserts for combustion engines.

Abstract: A prehardened valve seat insert and a process for forming a prehardened valve seat insert for insertion into a cylinder head or an engine block of an internal combustion engine. The process comprises the steps of (a) forming the valve seat insert; (b) precision machining the valve seat insert to precise tolerances so that the valve seat insert can be installed in one of the cylinder head and the engine block without the need for additional seat machining; and (c) treating the valve seat insert to form a wear resistant surface layer prior to inserting the valve seat insert into one of the cylinder head and the engine block.

Abstract: A prehardened valve seat insert and a process for forming a prehardened valve seat insert for insertion into a cylinder head or an engine block of an internal combustion engine. The process comprises the steps of (a) forming the valve seat insert; (b) precision machining the valve seat insert to precise tolerances so that the valve seat insert can be installed in one of the cylinder head and the engine block without the need for additional seat machining; and (c) treating the valve seat insert to form a wear resistant surface layer prior to inserting the valve seat insert into one of the cylinder head and the engine block.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing surface treated, prefinished valve seat inserts. The method entails forming the valve seat insert, precision machining the valve seat insert to precise tolerances so that the valve seat insert can be installed in one of the cylinder head and engine block without the need for additional seat machining and treating the valve seat insert with a wear resistant treatment prior to inserting the valve seat insert into on of the cylinder head and engine block.