Abstract: Water pumping apparatus is described for use with wells in which on-off cycling in pump operation is minimized by providing an air compressor and compressed air holding tank feeding an pressure regulating valve connected to discharge into a water holding tank, thereby enabling constant pneumatic pressure to be maintained in the water tank without regard to water level in the tank so that each cycling of the water pump will completely fill the water tank from nominally empty condition to nominally full condition.

Abstract: A portable, automatic liquid level monitoring and recording instrument is disclosed for use in measuring the capacity of soils to absorb water. A self-contained power source, timer and vertically biasable recording probe are housed as a cylindrical package disposed for placement in a shallow bore hold and connected to a reserve water supply. The probe, carrying an ink filled stylus, scribes a graph lining the inside of the cylinder during excursions initiated by timer actuation, the direction of probe traverse being reversed by completion of a circuit when the probe contacts water. Water is replenished to the borehole to datum level automatically after completion of the downward traverse of the probe.