Abstract: There is provided a process for recovery of fatty acids from tall oil heads comprising the steps of neutralizing the acids with a mixture of a magnesium soap forming compound and an alkali metal soap-forming compound under fusion conditions, stripping out unsaponifiables and springing the fatty acids with a mineral acid.

Abstract: Elevated temperature process for deoiling spent crystalline clay from the refining of glyceride esters ("oils") wherein a primary dispersion of such spent clay and aqueous alkali are mixed under pH conditions effective for removing a substantial amount of oily phase from such clay in the form of glyceride esters, thus-treated clay is separated and redispersed with additional aqueous alkali under pH conditions effective for saponifying at least a substantial fraction of the remaining glyceride esters present, then the treated clay is separated from the redispersion.

Abstract: Substantial benefits and economies are realized in a process for obtaining free fatty acids from soap stock by first acidulating the soap stock to liberate fatty acids from the soap present, separating the resulting first acid oil and aqueous saline phases, recovering free fatty acids by vacuum distillation from this first acid oil phase, saponifyng the glyceride-rich still residue to generate additional soap, acidulating the saponified product to liberate additional fatty acids therefrom and separating the resulting second acid oil and aqueous saline phases. These additional fatty acids can be recovered as free acids by vacuum distillation from the separated second acid oil phase. It is sometimes advantageous to neutralize residual mineral acid in the first acid oil phase before distillation.

Abstract: Process for washing fatty acids from spent clay, such as spent bleaching clay, with aqueous alkali at elevated temperature is improved by establishing and maintaining the mixture of aqueous phase and fatty acid at a pH between about 5 and about 6.5.