Abstract: An anode active material for lithium ion batteries includes one or more unaggregated silicon particles having a mass-based chlorine content of from 5 to 200 ppm and a volume-weighted particle size distribution having diameter percentiles d50 of from 0.5 ?m to 10.0 ?m.

Abstract: A silicon-containing material along with processes for producing and uses for the same. Where the silicon-containing material is based on one or more porous particles and silicon and the silicon is disposed in pores and on the surface of the one or more porous particles. The silicon-containing material has a specific surface area of at most 50 m2/g, determined by nitrogen sorption and BET evaluation and the one or more porous particles have a mean electrical particle resistance of at least 2 kOhm and a reversible delithiation capacity 0 of at most 100 mAh/g.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing silicon particles by grinding silicon-containing solids, wherein one or more gases are used, which contain reactive gas at a partial pressure of ?0.3 bar, wherein reactive gases are selected from the group comprising oxygen, ozone, inorganic peroxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: An anode active material for lithium ion batteries includes one or more unaggregated silicon particles having a mass-based chlorine content of from 5 to 200 ppm and a volume-weighted particle size distribution having diameter percentiles d50 of from 0.5 ?m to 10.0 ?m.

Abstract: The object of the invention are methods for the production of silicon particles by grinding silicon-containing solids in a jet mill using a grinding fluid containing water vapor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for size-reducing silicon, wherein a mixture containing a suspension containing silicon to be size-reduced and silicon grinding media is set in motion in the grinding space of a grinding media mill. The size-reduced silicon is used as the active material in the anode of a lithium-ion battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to silicon/graphite/carbon composites (Si/G/C-composites), containing graphite (G) and non-aggregated, nanoscale silicon particles (Si), wherein the silicon particles are embedded in a carbon matrix (C). The invention also relates to a method for producing said type of composite, electrode material for lithium ion batteries containing said type of composite and to a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing silicon particles by grinding silicon-containing solids, wherein one or more gases are used, which contain reactive gas at a partial pressure of ?0.3 bar, wherein reactive gases are selected from the group comprising oxygen, ozone, inorganic peroxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: The object of the invention are methods for the production of silicon particles by grinding silicon-containing solids in a jet mill using a grinding fluid containing water vapor.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for processing electrode materials for batteries, characterized in that a) mixtures containing active material particles, one or more binders and one or more dispersion liquids are dried, whereby active material particles in the form of dispersible granulates (active material granulates) are obtained, and b) the active material particles obtained in step a) in the form of dispersible granulates are mixed with one or more solvents.

Abstract: The invention relates to silicon/graphite/carbon composites (Si/G/C-composites), containing graphite (G) and non-aggregated, nanoscale silicon particles (Si), wherein the silicon particles are embedded in a carbon matrix (C). The invention also relates to a method for producing said type of composite, electrode material for lithium ion batteries containing said type of composite and to a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for size-reducing silicon, wherein a mixture containing a suspension containing silicon to be size-reduced and silicon grinding media is set in motion in the grinding space of a grinding media mill. The size-reduced silicon is used as the active material in the anode of a lithium-ion battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode material for lithium ion batteries, comprising 5-85% by weight of nanoscale silicon particles, which are not aggregated and of which the volume-weighted particle size distribution is between the diameter percentiles d10>20 nm and d90<2000 nm and has a breadth d90-d10<1200 nm; 0-40% by weight of an electrically conductive component containing nanoscale structures with expansions of less than 800 um; 0-80% by weight of graphite particles with a volume-weighted particle size distribution between the diameter percentiles d10>0.2 ?m and d90<200 ?m; 5-25% by weight of a binding agent; wherein a proportion of graphite particles and electrically conductive components produces in total at least 10% by weight, wherein the proportions of all components produce in total a maximum of 100% by weight.

Abstract: A mixture which is polymerizable to polymers exhibiting a high optical anisotropy which is stable during polymerization. The mixture contains a first monomer or (and/or) oligomer having two or more polymerizable functional groups and optionally a mesogenic group; a second monomer or oligomer bearing at least one mesogenic group having an aromatic double ring structure and only one polymerizable group; and from 1 to 50% by weight of a monomer non-polymerizable with the first or second monomer, but which also contains a mesogenic group having an aromatic double ring structure.

Abstract: Reflective liquid crystalline polymer films having increased bandwidth have a single layer of liquid crystalline material with short, long, and medium pitch of the helical molecular structure of the liquid crystalline polymer. The films are easily produced by a readily reproducible and economic process of low complexity.

Abstract: A mixture which is polymerizable to polymers exhibiting a high optical anisotropy which is stable during polymerization. The mixture contains a first monomer or (and/or) oligomer having two or more polymerizable functional groups and optionally a mesogenic group; a second monomer or oligomer bearing at least one mesogenic group having an aromatic double ring structure and only one polymerizable group; and from 1 to 50% by weight of a monomer non-polymerizable with the first or second monomer, but which also contains a mesogenic group having an aromatic double ring structure.

Abstract: Reflective liquid crystalline polymer films having increased bandwidth have a single layer of liquid crystalline material with short, long, and medium pitch of the helical molecular structure of the liquid crystalline polymer. The films are easily produced by a readily reproducible and economic process of low complexity.

Abstract: Organosilicon compounds (P) containing &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic acid radicals, of the general formula (1) —A—O—C(O)—CR═CH2   (1), are prepared by a process in which, in a first step, organosilicon compounds (H) containing hydrogen atoms bonded directly to silicon are reacted with olefinically unsaturated compounds (U) containing a terminal double or triple bond, of the general formula (2) &OHgr;—O—C(O)—CRH—CH2—Z  (2), in the presence of metals or compounds from the platinum group as catalyst, to give organosilicon compounds (E) containing radicals of the general formula (3) —A—O—C(O)—CRH—CH2—Z  (3), and, in a second step, H—Z compounds are eliminated from organosilicon compounds (E), where A is a divalent organic radical, &OHgr; is a monovalent organic radical containing a terminal double or triple bond, R is an H atom or a methyl radical, and Z is Cl, I, Br or

Abstract: The invention relates to nematic organosiloxanes (F) having at least two mesogenic side groups, of which at most one has three nuclei and all the others have two nuclei, where the term nucleus is taken to mean a six-membered ring or a bicyclic structure consisting of six-membered rings, and where at least one of the mesogenic side groups contains a methacryloyl or acryloyl group.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film obtained from a mixture comprising a polymer and a liquid crystal compound, wherein retardation of the optically anisotropic film at 80° C., 60° C. or 0° C. measured from a normal direction is 20-97%, 20-99% or 101-150%, respectively, of retardation at 30° C., and an absolute value of a deviation in retardation by said liquid crystal compound is not greater than 6% when the optically anisotropic film is held at 30% for 200 hours, has the temperature dependence in accordance with the temperature dependence of retardation of a liquid crystal display cell, and a small variation of retardation by the liquid crystal compound with the lapse of time, and thus is suitable for use in a liquid crystal display apparatus.