Abstract: Described herein are “Ultrahapticons,” which are a set of tangible and recognizable mid-air haptic icons that have been derived from research study participants' metaphorical associations with car infotainment features. In line with semiotic theory (the study of signs), data from the study was analyzed to identify key characteristics that when realized in mid-air haptic form, would enable a user to “feel” the feature they are interacting with. Their use is not limited to an automotive context, they can be instrumented to any application that exhibits the same feature functionality i.e. home entertainment system, laptop UI's, digital communication, Extended Reality (XR), and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are “Ultrahapticons,” which are a set of tangible and recognizable mid-air haptic icons that have been derived from research study participants' metaphorical associations with car infotainment features. In line with semiotic theory (the study of signs), data from the study was analyzed to identify key characteristics that when realized in mid-air haptic form, would enable a user to “feel” the feature they are interacting with. Their use is not limited to an automotive context, they can be instrumented to any application that exhibits the same feature functionality i.e. home entertainment system, laptop UI's, digital communication, Extended Reality (XR), and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method are provided for use in triggering a flash lamp and treating fluids. In some embodiments, a flash lamp assembly is provided that includes a chamber that surrounds a flash lamp with first and second electrodes that extend through the chamber, and a trigger element positioned adjacent an exterior of the chamber. First and second ends of the trigger element can, in some implementations be proximate the first and second electrodes. Some embodiments provide a fluid treatment system that includes a flash lamp enclosed within a chamber, and a trigger element positioned adjacent an exterior of the chamber. The chamber include an inlet and outlet where fluid to be treated is pushed into the chamber to pass about the flash lamp without contacting the trigger element.