Abstract: An electrolysis cell assembly of the filter press type having plastic frames and a membrane wherein the membrane is formed to fit between adjacent frames with one or more recesses provided on one or both of the adjacent frames together with sealing gasket means which are formed for effectively controlling electrode spacing and for retaining the membrane in position without membrane damage. The construction not only provides proper sealing and protection of the membrane during use, but also allows for the membrane to be removed, reactivated, and reused.

Abstract: High current efficiency can be obtained in an electrolytic cell by inducing turbulence in the catholyte preferably by utilizing a gas-directing cathode and cation-permselective membrane combination. There is disclosed a process for electrolysis, particularly, the electrolysis of an alkali metal chloride such as sodium chloride to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide. Said cell has a cathode and an anode divided into catholyte and anolyte compartments by a cation-permselective membrane. Turbulence inducing means such as a gas-directing cathode provides turbulence in said catholyte at the surface of said membrane by directing gas evolving on said cathode toward or away from said membrane. Multicell arrangements are also disclosed wherein said cells are connected in series.