Abstract: An improved tubing expansion apparatus is disclosed which greatly facilitates convenient expansion of tubing, such as for repair and replacement of motor vehicle exhaust systems. The apparatus includes a hand-holdable expander unit and a separate pressurized fluid supply unit joined in fluid communication with the expander unit by a flexible fluid conduit. In order to provide selective control of the fluid supply unit from the expander unit, a trigger-like electrical switch is provided on the expander unit to permit remote operation of the fluid supply unit. Other features of the apparatus enhance its versatility for conveniently effecting varying degrees of expansion on tubing of different dimensions.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer is provided substantially at the hot spot in an engine manifold for vaporizing the fuel from the carburetor prior to entry of the fuel-air mixture into the cylinders. The transducer comprises a crystal adapted to be vibrated at a high frequency on the order of at least 1,000,000 Hz and a resonator tuned to the frequency of the crystal and operatively secured to the crystal, said transducer having an active surface adapted to be contacted by the fuel for finely vaporizing same. The fine vaporization or gasification of the fuel (gasoline, for example) prior to entry into the cylinders causes a more complete burning of the fuel. As a result, the engine delivers more power with less fuel, while carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions are reduced.In operation, the ultrasonic transducer enhances cold weather startup and operation, eliminates engine flooding, smooths out engine idle, and improves pick up and acceleration by increasing power at low engine RPM.