Abstract: X-ray generator devices and methods for operating the same that utilizes anodes comprising thin cylinders to generate characteristic X-ray spectra, which emerges from the cylinders axially, as an intense beam.

Abstract: By arranging for a collection of different materials to be used as x-ray targets in a single x-ray generator tube, an X-ray generator that can transmit a collection of unique x-ray spectra is produced according to one embodiment of the present invention. Spectrum selection can be accomplished by electronic means (with great speed) by deflecting an electron beam by means of electric fields, magnetic fields, and any combination of the two.

Abstract: X-ray generator devices and methods for operating the same that utilizes anodes comprising thin cylinders to generate characteristic X-ray spectra, which emerges from the cylinders axially, as an intense beam.

Abstract: A scan controller 14 for directing an ion beam 152 from an ion implanter device 142 onto a wafer 148 includes a generator 10, 12 for generating first and second signals for guiding the ion beam along two separate axes plus a compensator 28, 72 for compensating the signal so that the speed of the impact point of the ion beam 152 on the wafer 148 is substantially constant as the ion beam 152 scans across the wafer 148 to obtain a substantially even distribution of ions on the wafer 148 along the path of the ion beam 152.