Abstract: In the “External Combustion Engine” fluid stored in a compressed fluid tank is released, and then heated by a synchronized heat exchanger. Heat is added at constant volume in a series of heaters and pre-heaters. The last heater is immediately above the power piston while the power piston is at the top of its stroke. Adiabatic expansion takes place and produces power output. Energy from the compressed fluid tank produces power output. Adiabatic expansion again takes place, and produces power output all the way to complete expansion. The spent fluid is exhausted through the heat exchanger, cooled, compressed, and stored in the compressed fluid tank. The pre-heaters heat all the fluid in the pre-heaters at constant volume and any number of pre-heaters can be used thereby providing unlimited time to transfer heat into the engine.

Abstract: A four stroke engine with piston strokes all of equal length whereby the intake stroke displacement and the compression stroke displacement are smaller than the expansion stroke displacement and the exhaust stroke displacement. This is accomplished using the fuel saving sleeve that has a projection on one end. A magnetic force is used to keep the fuel saving sleeve at the top of the engine cylinder during the intake and compression strokes. This makes the sleeve act as an air displacer during the intake and compression strokes. The projection transfers the pressure of burning gases on the sleeve to the piston during the expansion stroke. It also transfers force from the piston to the sleeve during the exhaust stroke. This makes the sleeve act as an enlargement of the piston during the expansion and exhaust strokes.

Abstract: A four stroke engine with piston strokes all of equal length whereby the intake stroke displacement and the compression stroke displacement are smaller than the expansion stroke displacement and the exhaust stroke displacement. This is accomplished using the fuel saving sleeve that has a projection on one end. A magnetic force is used to keep the fuel saving sleeve at the top of the engine cylinder during the intake and compression strokes. This makes the sleeve act as an air displacer during the intake and compression strokes. The projection transfers the pressure of burning gases on the sleeve to the piston during the expansion stroke. It also transfers force from the piston to the sleeve during the exhaust stroke. This makes the sleeve act as an enlargement of the piston during the expansion and exhaust strokes.

Abstract: A method of operating a reciprocating, four stroke internal combustion piston engine system with an external compressor so that the air prior to internal compression is cooled, making it possible to attain a higher compression ratio. This can result in less heat input and the same work per stroke output, thereby saving fuel. Or it can result in more work per stroke output for the same heat input. A form of dynamic braking can be used with its operation. The only modifications to the engine are adding an external compressor, increasing the internal compression ratio, and changing the timing of the inlet valve closing.

Abstract: The Energy Storing Engine is the mechanization of a hot air engine cycle. Constant temperature compression is achieved by using a multi-stage-intercooled compressor. Energy is stored in a compressed air tank. Heat is added at constant pressure by an exhaust gas to compressed air heat exchanger. Heat is added at constant volume by injecting fuel and starting burning immediately above the power piston while the power piston is at the top of its stroke. Adiabatic expansion takes place and produces power output. Energy from storage produces power output. Adiabatic expansion again takes place, and this time produces power output all the way to complete expansion. The displacement of the resulting engine can be varied while the engine is running.

Abstract: The Mechanical Freezer of this invention closely approaches an ideal freezer cycle composed of constant temperature compression, expansion, and constant volume heating (load transfer) by using power piston 106 that power input shaft 50 moves up and down and displacers 104 and 105 that are moved by cam 108. When power piston 106 moving up and additional displacer 105 moving down come together, fluid is forced through additional heat sink 41 where it is cooled as it is compressed. When additional displacer 105 and primary displacer 104 come together, fluid is forced through primary heat sink 40 where it is cooled as it is compressed. After compression, the cooled fluid is expanded by power piston 106 along with displacers 104 and 105 moving down. When displacers 104 and 105 then move up, fluid is forced through load 30 and load 30 is cooled.

Abstract: The “Two Stroke Internal Combustion Engine” is a piston engine operated with compression cooled by cooler 17. This is followed by heat addition from heat exchanger high-pressure side 10 at close to constant pressure (the pressure at the end of the heat addition is the same as the pressure at the start of the heat addition). Heat is then added at close to constant volume by burning fuel. This is followed by complete expansion. And finally, heat exchanger low-pressure side 40 transfers heat to heat exchanger high-pressure side 10.

Abstract: The Warren Cycle engine is an engine that has one heat exchanger (high-pressure side 10 and low-pressure side 20) serving four cylinders 100, 200, 300 and 400. The Warren Cycle is an engine cycle where compression is adiabatic, heat is added at constant volume, expansion is adiabatic and complete, and the exhaust heat is captured and returned to the compressed air. Movable wall 104 is provided to take in cold air and push exhaust air out of cylinder 100. As the exhaust moves out of the engine, it gives up heat to low-pressure side of heat exchanger 20. During the heating portion of the cycle, the compressed air gains heat from high-pressure side of heat exchanger 10. The engine can be operated with complete expansion of the heated charge.

Abstract: The Warren cycle engine operates on the Warren Cycle, and is a two stroke, internal combustion, reciprocating, regenerated engine made up of a number of similar working units. Each working unit is comprised of cylinder 12 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4 and contains power piston 18 that is connected to power output shaft 22. Movable wall 11 is provided to suck in the working fluid and push the exhaust out of cylinder 12. As the exhaust moves out of the engine, it gives up heat to regenerator 10. During the heating portion of the cycle movable wall 11 pushes the compressed air through regenerator 10 and recaptures the heat left by the exhaust gases. Movable wall 11 can move between power piston 18 and cylinder head 4, and means are provided to accomplish this movement at the appropriate times during the engine's operating cycle. Means are also provided for the introduction of fuel into cylinder 12 during the heating part of the cycle.

Abstract: The Warren cycle engine operates on the Warren Cycle, and is a two stroke, internal combustion, reciprocating, regenerated engine made up of a number of similar working units. Each working unit is comprised of cylinder 12 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4 and contains power piston 18 that is connected to power output shaft 22. Movable wall 11 is provided to suck in the working fluid and push the exhaust out of cylinder 12. As the exhaust moves out of the engine, it gives up heat to regenerator 10. During the heating portion of the cycle movable wall 11 pushes the compressed air through regenerator 10 and recaptures the heat left by the exhaust gases. Movable wall 11 can move between power piston 18 and cylinder head 4, and means are provided to accomplish this movement at the appropriate times during the engine's operating cycle. Means are also provided for the introduction of fuel into cylinder 12 during the heating part of the cycle.

Abstract: This is the mechanization of an external combustion hot air engine cycle known as the “Warren Cycle”. The “Warren Cycle” has four parts. They are: 1. cooled compression; 2. stored heat released from a regenerator and heat added to the working fluid at constant volume; 3. heated expansion; and 4. heat stored in a regenerator and heat removed from the working fluid at constant volume. The resulting engine is a thermally regenerated, reciprocating, two stroke external combustion engine that stores the spent heat in regenerator 10 and returns it to the engine cycle to do work. Each unit of the engine has cylinder 12 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4 and contains working fluid, regenerator 10, heater 14, cooler 24, and power piston 18 that is connected to power output shaft 22. Cooler 24 is moved through the working fluid as it is being compressed, cooling the working fluid.

Abstract: This invention is a two stroke, regenerated, external combustion, reciprocating engine. Each unit of the engine has cylinder 12 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4 and contains power piston 18 that is connected to power output shaft 22, and plunger 11 that sucks in fluid and pushes out exhaust. Plunger 11 is a movable wall which has attached to it plunger valve 8 that opens to allow fluid to flow through plunger 11 while plunger 11 is moving away from piston 18, and closes to form a plunger while plunger 11 is moving towards piston 18. Plunger 11 also has attached to it exhaust pipe 7, exhaust valve 6, heater 14, and an alternating flow heat exchanger, called regenerator 10. Means are provided for the introduction of heat into cylinder 12.

Abstract: This invention is a two stroke, internal combustion, reciprocating, engine with plunger 14, made up of a number of similar working units. Each working unit is comprised of cylinder 16 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4, and contains air inlet valve 2, power piston 22 that is connected to power output shaft 26, and plunger 14. Plunger 14 is a movable wall with barrel 10 attached to it. Plunger 14 moves between power piston 22 and cylinder head 4, and the means to accomplish this are: spring 12, the urging of power piston 22 after a collision, and the difference between the internal and external engine pressures. During the compression stroke the pressure inside the engine exceeds the pressure outside of the engine, this pressure difference on the exhaust area forces plunger 14 up against cylinder head 4 and deforms spring 12. During the expansion stroke the pressure difference continues to keep plunger 14 up against cylinder head 4 and spring 12 deformed.

Abstract: This invention is the addition of a variable inlet valve damper to an internal combustion engine so that it can reduce the amount of fluid sucked into the engine by allowing some of the fluid to be pushed back out during the compression cycle. This is accomplished by delaying inlet valve 14 closing. The variable inlet valve damper is made up of damper cylinder 2, damper piston 4, check valve 6 which allows fluid into damper cylinder 2 but not out of damper cylinder 2, and control valve 8 which varies the flow out of damper cylinder 2, fluid storage tank 9, bracket 10, and attachment 11. Without the addition of the variable inlet valve damper, inlet valve 14 would open immediately when cam 18 urged it to open and would close immediately when cam 18 allowed it to from the urging of valve spring 16. With the addition of the variable inlet valve damper, the timing of when inlet valve 14 closes can be varied to optimize engine operation.

Abstract: The addition of volume reducing piston 28 to a “Two stroke engine with a plunger” through cylinder head 4 so that volume reducing piston 28 can get between cylinder head 4 and plunger body 11 and reduce the amount of fluid sucked into the engine. Also added to the engine is spring 34 to move volume reducing piston 28, and electro magnet 38 so that volume reducing piston 28 does not move at selected times. When electro magnet 38 is energized, volume reducing piston 28 is caught by electro magnet 38, so that volume reducing piston 28 does not move from cylinder head 4 when plunger body 11 goes to the bottom of its stroke, the amount of fluid to be compressed is not reduced, and the engine operates in a greater power output mode.

Abstract: This invention is protector 24 attached to movable regenerator 10 used in a two stroke regenerative, reciprocating, internal combustion engine employing a plunger piston 11 housing movable regenerator 10. The protector 24 has protector valve 26 to allow fluid to flow through protector 24 whenever movable regenerator 10 is away from cylinder head 4. Attached between plunger piston 11 and protector valve 26 is protector valve spring 27 to urge protector valve open whenever movable regenerator 10 is away from cylinder head 4. The advantages of protector 24 are: The regenerator 10 is protected from the combustion heat, and the regenerator fluid volume does not effect the thermal pressure rise process of the engine.

Abstract: This invention is an external combustion engine that operates on an open or closed hot air cycle with isothermal compression of ambient temperature fluid; heat is added at constant volume; and the fluid is expanded to near ambient pressure. The engine has a compressor, heater, multiple heat exchanging chambers, and an expander. The heat, originating in a heater, is moved by fluid flow through a plurality of heat exchanging chambers in sequence, one heat exchanging chamber at a time. The heating circuit can be operated open or closed cycle. The more heat exchanging chambers, the more time for the heat exchanger in the heat exchanging chamber to heat up.

Abstract: A two stroke, internal combustion, reciprocating, engine with a displacer 11 made up of a number of similar working units. Each working unit is comprised of a cylinder 12 that is closed at one end by cylinder head 4, and contains exhaust port 34, compressed air chamber 13, air inlet valve 2, power piston 18 that is connected to power output shaft 22, and displacer 11. Displacer 11 moves between power piston 18 and cylinder head 4, and the means to accomplish this are: spring 10, the urging of power piston 18 after a collision, and the difference between the internal and external pressures. During the compression stroke the pressure inside the engine exceeds the pressure outside of the engine, this pressure difference, along with power piston 18 urging displacer 11, forces displacer 11 up against cylinder head 4 and deforms spring 10. Heat is added in compressed air chamber 13. During the expansion stroke the pressure difference continues to keep displacer 11 up against cylinder head 4 and spring 10 deformed.

Abstract: An improved two stroke, reciprocating, internal combustion engine, with multiple cylinders, each closed by a cylinder head and containing a power piston which is connected to a power output shaft. Each cylinder has means for the intake of working fluid and a cooler for the compressed air. It also contains a displacer that moves between the cylinder head and the power piston. This displacer contains one way flow valving, a means for the exhausting of the working fluid from the cylinder, a movable alternating flow heat exchanger used as a regenerator, a heat shield, and a means to bypass the regenerator. The linkage from the power output shaft to move the displacer contains a spring and damper arrangement that allows the compression and expansion ratios to be varied.