Abstract: The present invention provides a method capable of improving the efficiency of introducing a target substance (e.g., DNA, polypeptides, sugars, or complexes thereof), which is difficult to introduce (particularly, transfect) into a cell in any circumstances. Particularly, the present invention provides a composition for increasing the efficiency of introducing a target substance into a cell, comprising (a) an actin acting substance. The present invention also provides a device and method using such a composition.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method whereby transfer efficiency can be improved under any conditions in the case of transferring (in particular, transfecting) a target substance that cannot easily be transferred into cells (for example, a DNA, a polypeptide, a sugar, a complex thereof or the like). Namely, a composition for elevating the transfer efficiency of a target substance into cells which contains a cell adhesion-related factor, and a device and a method using the composition.

Abstract: Decellularization of tissue by means of an amphipathic solvent a well-established practice. However, situations exist where the provision of enhanced decellularization is preferred. There is a demand for treating methods for coping with such situations. Thus, it is intended to provide a method for enhancing decellularization. The method comprises not only the immersing of a tissue in a solution containing an amphiphilic molecule in non-micellar form (for example, 1,2-epoxide polymer) but also performing a radical reaction (for example, treatment selected from the group consisting of exposure to gamma-ray irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, a free radical supply source, ultrasonication, electron beam irradiation, and X-ray irradiation).

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to overcome a problem that there is an inverse relationship between the decellularization rate and the strength of tissue. This problem was solved by immersing tissue in a solution containing a non-micellar amphipathic molecule (e.g., a 1,2-epoxide polymer). Thus, the present invention provides decellularized tissue, in which the cell survival rate of the tissue is less than a level at which calcification or an immune reaction is elicited in an organism and the tissue damage rate of the tissue is suppressed to a level which permits clinical applications. Tissue prepared by the above-described treatment preferably retains a certain level of tissue strength. Further, the tissue of the present invention has an effect of performing cell replacement.