Abstract: Provided is a surface coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer exhibits excellent chipping resistance in high-speed intermittent cutting processes. In the surface coated cutting tool having the hard coating layer including a lower layer (Ti compound layer) and an upper layer (Al2O3 layer) formed by vapor-deposition on the surface of the cutting tool body constituted by a WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet, the ratio b/a of the number a of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer present in the interface to which the lower layer and the upper layer are adjacent to the number b of crystal grains in the Al2O3 layer is 4?b/a?20, and, furthermore, the average grain diameter of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer immediately below the Al2O3 layer is 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: In a brake control device and a brake control method, when a shift to a brake mode for backup involving separation of a supply path of working fluid is performed at the time of detection of an abnormality during braking, a differential pressure acting between an outlet opening and an inlet opening of an open-close valve which is provided between a hydraulic pressure source that is used during the backup brake mode and wheel cylinders and which needs to be opened during the backup brake mode is lessened prior to the separation of the supply path of working fluid so that the open-close valve is opened in accordance with a valve-opening command. Therefore, at the time of switch of the control mode, the confinement of wheel cylinder pressure is avoided.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure brake unit includes a power hydraulic pressure source able to generate, by a supply of power, a high hydraulic independent of a brake operation by a driver; a field system which connects the power hydraulic pressure source with both first and second wheel cylinders, regulates the hydraulic pressure of operating fluid from the power hydraulic pressure source, and applies a common hydraulic pressure to both the first and second wheel cylinders; a separator valve provided so as to be able to cut off the supply of operating fluid to the second wheel cylinder via the first system; and a second system which connects the second wheel cylinder with the power hydraulic pressure source such that operating fluid can be supplied front the power hydraulic pressure source to the second wheel cylinder regardless of weather the separator valve is open or closed.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus is provided with a frictional braking unit configured to generate frictional braking force, a regenerative braking unit configured to generate regenerative braking force, a fluid pressure control valve configured to adjust an operating fluid pressure, and a controlling unit configured to execute regenerative control to cover entire required braking force required by a driver by the regenerative braking force and executing switching control to cover the required braking force by the frictional braking force in place of the regenerative braking force by adjusting to increase the operating fluid pressure by the fluid pressure control valve when a predetermined condition is satisfied. By covering the entire required braking force by regenerative braking force and executing the switching control to adjust to increase the operating fluid pressure by the fluid pressure control valve to cover the required braking force when a predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A machine tool includes: a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil; a fixture plate that positions a workpiece; a fixture base that detachably holds the fixture plate and that moves relative to a tool during machining; a hydraulic cylinder performs an attaching/removing operation for attaching or removing the fixture plate to or from the fixture base; an accumulator that accumulates the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump and that supplies the pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder; and a manual valve that is manually switched to supply the pressure oil in the accumulator to the hydraulic cylinder to thereby control the attaching/removing operation of the hydraulic cylinder.

Abstract: A brake controller reduces a hydraulic pressure applied to a wheel cylinder by opening or closing a pressure-reducing linear control valve, a regulator cut valve, and a master cut valve arranged in a hydraulic circuit. A brake ECU detects a state of a vehicle, estimates a degree of influence of noise due to reduction in wheel cylinder pressure on the vehicle on the basis of the detected state of the vehicle, and then selects any of the electromagnetic valves, that is, the pressure-reducing linear control valve, the regulator cut valve and the master cut valve, to reduce the wheel cylinder pressure on the basis of the estimated result.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus is provided with a frictional braking unit configured to generate frictional braking force, a regenerative braking unit configured to generate regenerative braking force, a fluid pressure control valve configured to adjust an operating fluid pressure, and a controlling unit configured to execute regenerative control to cover entire required braking force required by a driver by the regenerative braking force and executing switching control to cover the required braking force by the frictional braking force in place of the regenerative braking force by adjusting to increase the operating fluid pressure by the fluid pressure control valve when a predetermined condition is satisfied. By covering the entire required braking force by regenerative braking force and executing the switching control to adjust to increase the operating fluid pressure by the fluid pressure control valve to cover the required braking force when a predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: At a contact step in a tool radius adjusting method, a reference portion of a movable body provided radially movably on a housing of a boring tool and a position adjusting reference member fixed on a machine tool are brought into contact by sliding the movable body relative to the housing so that the position of a cutting blade comes to a predetermined position in a direction to go away from a rotational axis. Then, at an adjusting step, the position of the cutting blade relative to the rotational axis is adjusted by changing the relative position between a tool spindle holding the boring tool and the position adjusting reference member in a direction to come close to each other by drive mechanisms of the machine tool used for positioning a spindle head with the tool spindle relative to a workpiece in machining the workpiece with the cutting blade.

Abstract: Provided is a safe and efficient method for producing lithium metal which facilitates efficient production of anhydrous lithium chloride without corrosion of the system materials by chlorine gas or molten lithium carbonate, and which allows production of lithium metal by molten salt electrolysis of the produced anhydrous lithium chloride as a raw material. The method includes the steps of (A) contacting and reacting lithium carbonate and chlorine gas in a dry process to produce anhydrous lithium chloride, and (B) subjecting the raw material for electrolysis containing the anhydrous lithium chloride to molten salt electrolysis under such conditions as to produce lithium metal, wherein the chlorine gas generated by the molten salt electrolysis in step (B) is used as the chlorine gas in step (A) to continuously perform steps (A) and (B).

Abstract: Provided is a surface coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer exhibits excellent chipping resistance in high-speed intermittent cutting processes. In the surface coated cutting tool having the hard coating layer including a lower layer (Ti compound layer) and an upper layer (Al2O3 layer) formed by vapor-deposition on the surface of the cutting tool body constituted by a WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet, the ratio b/a of the number a of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer present in the interface to which the lower layer and the upper layer are adjacent to the number b of crystal grains in the Al2O3 layer is 4<b/a<20, and, furthermore, the average grain diameter of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer immediately below the Al2O3 layer is 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A brake control system has a manual fluid pressure source and a power fluid pressure source. A fluid pressure actuator forms an X-pipe having a first channel and a second channel. The power fluid pressure source supplies the operating fluid to each wheel by using the first channel and the second channel. A channel system including the first channel and a channel system including the second channel can be isolated from each other by an isolation valve. The fluid pressure actuator includes a regulation unit configured to regulate a state of supplying the operating fluid such that a difference between a state occurring when the operating fluid is supplied to one of the first channel and the second channel after passing through the isolation valve, and a state occurring when the operating fluid is supplied to the other channel without passing through the isolation valve, is reduced.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool, which has a hard-coating layer with excellent chipping and fracturing resistances in a high speed intermittent cutting work, is provided. The surface-coated cutting tool includes a cutting tool body, which is made of WC cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet, and a hard-coating layer, which is vapor deposited on the cutting tool body and has a lower layer and an upper layer. The lower layer is a Ti compound layer, and the upper layer is an aluminum oxide layer. There is a micropore-rich layer in the lower layer in the vicinity of the interface between the lower and upper layers. There are micropores with diameters of 2 to 70 nm in the micropore-rich layer. The diameters of the micropores in the micropore-rich layer shows a bimodal distribution pattern.

Abstract: In a brake controlling device (20), a separating valve (60) is provided in a main flow path (45) for interconnecting a first liquid pressure circuit and a second liquid pressure circuit. When an abnormality detecting section detects an abnormality relating to brake fluid pressure, a controlling section sets the separating valve (60) to a closed state. A leakage suppressing section performs leakage suppressing processing for suppressing entry of a brake fluid, which is in the first liquid pressure circuit, into the second liquid pressure circuit after the separating valve (60) is set to the closed state. A leakage suppressing section sets a master cut valve (64) to a closed state to perform the leakage suppressing processing.

Abstract: During a non-control mode, a separation valve is closed, and thus separates a first supply path that supplies working fluid to at least one of wheel cylinders and a second supply path that supplies working fluid to at least one of the other wheel cylinders, from each other. An on-off valve provided on the first supply path is kept closed despite a valve opening command, due to the effect of the differential pressure between the outlet and inlet openings of the valve if the differential pressure is above a predetermined value while the valve is closed. When occurrence of a closure failure on the separation valve is assumed during braking, a brake ECU stops the control performed by a wheel cylinder pressure control system, and shifts to a backup non-control mode, and controls the discharge of working fluid from the first supply path-side wheel cylinders so that the on-off valve is opened in accordance with the valve opening command. Thus, the confinement of the wheel cylinder pressure is prevented.

Abstract: A tool radius adjusting device executes an operation for adjusting the tool radius of a boring holder in parallel with execution of a machining program for executing an operation of a spindle head and an operation of a tool changer. A carrier control unit determines whether the tool changer is executing a tool changing process. When the tool changing process is not being executed, the carrier control unit allows the carrier device to execute an operation for picking the boring holder out from the tool magazine and an operation for returning the boring holder, of which the tool radius has been adjusted, to the tool magazine.

Abstract: In a certain brake control apparatus, a valve main body of a hydraulic control valve and a coil unit are separately formed, are assembled with each other, and are mounted on an actuator block. Further, bias current is secured even though the supply of current is temporarily unnecessary depending on a control state and a period between the termination and the start of the driving of the hydraulic control valve. Accordingly, it may be possible to maintain a contact state between the inner peripheral surface of the coil unit and the outer peripheral surface of the valve main body during the driving control period.

Abstract: Methods and devices for forming a vertically-oriented multilayer laminates, for example, a vertically-oriented multilayer laminates, are provided. The laminates may be fabricated by hardenable fluids, for example, polymers that are directed along flow paths to divide, repossession, and combine streams to provide the desired laminated structure. The flow divisions and recombination may be practiced repeatedly wherein laminates have tens or even tens of thousands of individual layers may be produced. The polymers used may have comparable viscosities, for example, having viscosity ratios of less than 3. Though aspects of the invention may be used packaging, aspects of the invention may be applied to any field where laminated structures are desired.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a tool substrate made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride-based cermet; and a hard coating layer formed by vapor-depositing in order, a lower layer (a), an intermediate layer (b), and an upper layer (c) on the tool substrate. The lower layer (a) is a Ti layer composed of one or more of a titanium carbide layer, a titanium nitride layer, a titanium carbonitride layer, a titanium carboxide layer, and a titanium oxycarbonitride layer, and having a thickness of 3 to 20 ?m. The intermediate layer (b) is an aluminum oxide layer having a thickness of 1 to 5 ?m, and having an ?-type crystal structure in a chemically vapor-deposited state. The upper layer (c) is an aluminum oxide layer having a thickness of 2 to 15 ?m, and containing one or more elements of Ti, Y, Zr, Cr, and B.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake unit (120) includes: a manual hydraulic pressure supply unit (127) that pressurizes a hydraulic medium supplied from a reservoir (134) and generates a hydraulic pressure corresponding to a brake operation amount; first and second hydraulic systems (161, 162) in which the manual hydraulic pressure supply unit (127) communicates with first and second wheel cylinders (123F, 123R); a separation valve (160) provided between the first hydraulic system (161) and the second hydraulic system (162); and a brake ECU (170) having a separation valve control unit (110) and a hydraulic medium amount detection unit (IIia), wherein the separation valve control unit (110) executes control to close the separation valve (160) when the hydraulic medium amount detection unit (IIia) detects that the hydraulic medium stored in the reservoir (134) has decreased below a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A machine tool includes: a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil; a fixture plate that positions a workpiece; a fixture base that detachably holds the fixture plate and that moves relative to a tool during machining; a hydraulic cylinder performs an attaching/removing operation for attaching or removing the fixture plate to or from the fixture base; an accumulator that accumulates the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump and that supplies the pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder; and a manual valve that is manually switched to supply the pressure oil in the accumulator to the hydraulic cylinder to thereby control the attaching/removing operation of the hydraulic cylinder.