Abstract: A high-temperature and high-pressure speed of sound apparatus measures the speed of sound in a sample at high-temperature and high-pressure, the apparatus includes: a defined-length spacer that has a fixed length spacer portion; an acoustic reflector, such that a crucible is interposed between the acoustic reflector and a pressure vessel, the pressure vessel in which is disposed the crucible, the disposed defined-length spacer, the sample, an acoustic reflector, and an acoustic rod; and the acoustic rod on which is disposed an ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, media, methods, and platforms for providing personalized mastery learning utilizing: a knowledge map; a plurality of learning activities, each learning activity comprising dynamically variable scaffolding, feedback, and content; a learning activity selection module selecting one or more learning activities for the learner; and a learning activity modification module dynamically varying one or more of the scaffolding, feedback, and content of at least one selected learning activity based on performance of the learner.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, media, methods, and platforms for providing personalized mastery learning utilizing: a knowledge map; a plurality of learning activities, each learning activity comprising dynamically variable scaffolding, feedback, and content; a learning activity selection module selecting one or more learning activities for the learner; and a learning activity modification module dynamically varying one or more of the scaffolding, feedback, and content of at least one selected learning activity based on performance of the learner.

Abstract: An example energy management unit (EMU) with diagnostic capabilities is provided. The EMU with diagnostic capabilities can identify a potential failure or end-of-life condition by detecting a higher power consumption, an abnormal power waveform or by receiving a signal from an appliance or piece of equipment itself generated by the appliance's or piece of equipment's self diagnostic system. The EMU can be incorporated into a system that permits various power consumption and time-current information to be transmitted to a variety of devices and parties via a communication.

Abstract: A hybrid energy management method and system which provides a main power supply and a secondary power supply. The main power supply is electrically coupled to the utility power grid, while the secondary power supply is electrically isolatable from the utility power grid. A switch is provided to selectably power the appliance through the main alternating current power supply when the utility is not in a reduced demand operating mode and to selectably power the appliance through the secondary alternating current power supply when the utility is in a reduced demand mode.

Abstract: A hybrid energy management method and system which provides a main power supply and a secondary power supply. The main power supply is electrically coupled to the utility power grid, while the secondary power supply is electrically isolatable from the utility power grid. A switch is provided to selectably power the appliance through the main alternating current power supply when the utility is not in a reduced demand operating mode and to selectably power the appliance through the secondary alternating current power supply when the utility is in a reduced demand mode.

Abstract: An example energy management unit (EMU) with diagnostic capabilities is provided. The EMU with diagnostic capabilities can identify a potential failure or end-of-life condition by detecting a higher power consumption, an abnormal power waveform or by receiving a signal from an appliance or piece of equipment itself generated by the appliance's or piece of equipment's self diagnostic system. The EMU can be incorporated into a system that permits various power consumption and time-current information to be transmitted to a variety of devices and parties via a communication.

Abstract: A toothbrush with multiple pumping systems including a head portion having three rows of a plurality of outlet ports formed therein. The head portion has a plurality of bristles secured thereto. An elongated handle portion removably couples with the head portion. The handle portion has a hollow interior in communication with the hollow interior of the head portion. Three manual pumps are slidably disposed within the handle portion. Three tubes are removably disposed within the head portion and the handle portion disposed between the outlet ports of the head portion and the three pumps. The three tubes hold quantities of liquid toothpaste, mouthwash, and antibacterial rinse.

Abstract: A toothbrush with multiple pumping systems including a head portion having three rows of a plurality of outlet ports formed therein. The head portion has a plurality of bristles secured thereto. An elongated handle portion removably couples with the head portion. The handle portion has a hollow interior in communication with the hollow interior of the head portion. Three manual pumps are slidably disposed within the handle portion. Three tubes are removably disposed within the head portion and the handle portion disposed between the outlet ports of the head portion and the three pumps. The three tubes hold quantities of liquid toothpaste, mouthwash, and antibacterial rinse.