Abstract: A transparent substrate having an antiglare surface with reduced display sparkle. The transparent substrate has a roughened antiglare surface and a diffraction element below the antiglare surface. The diffraction element reduces sparkle by filling gaps between sub-pixels in a pixelated display with orders of diffraction. A display system comprising the transparent substrate and a pixelated display is also provided.

Abstract: Optical stacks including a grating structure that generates diffraction in two in-plane dimensions. The optical stacks may include two gratings, which may be one-directional or two-directional. The optical stacks are suitable for reducing sparkle in displays.

Abstract: A light-transmitting structure comprising a substrate having a plurality of regions where at least two of the plurality of regions have different refractive indices, an optical path length of light transmitted from a first light source through the plurality of regions is substantially constant, and where light transmitted from a second light source into the substrate is scattered by at least one of the plurality of regions.

Abstract: Optical stacks including a grating structure that generates diffraction in two in-plane dimensions. The optical stacks may include two gratings, which may be one-directional or two-directional. The optical stacks are suitable for reducing sparkle in displays.

Abstract: A transparent substrate having an antiglare surface with reduced display sparkle. The transparent substrate has a roughened antiglare surface and a diffraction element below the antiglare surface. The diffraction element reduces sparkle by filling gaps between sub-pixels in a pixelated display with orders of diffraction. A display system comprising the transparent substrate and a pixelated display is also provided.

Abstract: A display element for viewing a display such as, for example, a display on an electronic device. The display element comprises a transparent substrate and a scattering anti-glare layer located between a front surface and back surface of the display element, wherein the scattering anti-glare layer comprises a plurality of scattering elements. The scattering anti-glare layer has low reflectivity and provides an anti-glare effect for light reflected by interfaces within the display element.

Abstract: A transparent substrate having an antiglare surface with reduced display sparkle. The transparent substrate has a roughened antiglare surface and a diffraction element below the antiglare surface. The diffraction element reduces sparkle by filling gaps between sub-pixels in a pixelated display with orders of diffraction. A display system comprising the transparent substrate and a pixelated display is also provided.

Abstract: A light-transmitting structure comprising a substrate having a plurality of regions where at least two of the plurality of regions have different refractive indices, an optical path length of light transmitted from a first light source through the plurality of regions is substantially constant, and where light transmitted from a second light source into the substrate is scattered by at least one of the plurality of regions.

Abstract: An antireflection article including: a transparent substrate having a refractive index of from 1.48 to 1.53; a binder layer associated with the substrate, the binder having a refractive index of from 1.55 to 1.75; and a nanoparticulate monolayer or near monolayer associated with the binder layer, the nanoparticulate layer having an effective refractive index less than the refractive index of binder. Methods of making and using the article are also disclosed.

Abstract: An anti-reflective article, including: a substrate; an integral binder region on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate; and a nanoparticulate monolayer partially embedded in the integral binder region, as defined herein. The integral binder can be comprised of the same or different material as the substrate material. Methods of making and using the article are also disclosed.

Abstract: A display element for viewing a display such as, for example, a display on an electronic device. The display element comprises a transparent substrate and a scattering anti-glare layer located between a front surface and back surface of the display element, wherein the scattering anti-glare layer comprises a plurality of scattering elements. The scattering anti-glare layer has low reflectivity and provides an anti-glare effect for light reflected by interfaces within the display element.

Abstract: A transparent substrate having an antiglare surface with reduced display sparkle. The transparent substrate has a roughened antiglare surface and a diffraction element below the antiglare surface. The diffraction element reduces sparkle by filling gaps between sub-pixels in a pixelated display with orders of diffraction. A display system comprising the transparent substrate and a pixelated display is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for laser welding together layers of transparent polymeric materials by first making high-contrast marks in transparent polymeric materials using femtosecond, picosecond or nanosecond pulsed fiber lasers and then creating localized welds at the areas of the high-contrast marks. Such welds can be formed in multiple layers of transparent polymeric materials. Systems for making welds and parts welded together according to the methods also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of cutting a solid material using a pulsed laser includes providing a pulsed laser beam, selecting a target point in the solid material, focusing the pulsed laser beam on the solid material such that at the target point in the solid material the pulsed laser beam has at least the minimum energy density required to ablate the solid material, and effecting relative motion of the pulsed laser beam with respect to the solid material such that the pulsed laser beam traces a first path to form a scribe line in the solid material and then a second path to form a second scribe line in the solid material, wherein the first path and the second path are essentially parallel and the first and second scribe lines overlap to form a single cut line in the solid material.

Abstract: An optical waveguide environmental sensor is provided that is capable of detecting a target gas or liquid in the ambient environment in an advantageously short period of time. The waveguide is preferably in the form of an optical fiber having a cladding that contains a photonic band gap structure which in turn envelopes a light conducting, hollow core portion. The cladding further includes at least one elongated side opening that preferably extends the entire length of the fiber and exposes said hollow core portion to the ambient environment, which provides broad and nearly immediate access of the core portion to gases and liquids in the ambient environment, thereby minimizing sensor response time. The ambient gases or liquids filling the hollow core portion and elongated opening function as a ridge and slab, respectively, of an optical ridge waveguide that effectively supports at least one bound optical mode.

Abstract: An optical waveguide environmental sensor is provided that is capable of detecting a target gas or liquid in the ambient environment in an advantageously short period of time. The waveguide is preferably in the form of an optical fiber having a cladding that contains a photonic band gap structure which in turn envelopes a light conducting, hollow core portion. The cladding further includes at least one elongated side opening that preferably extends the entire length of the fiber and exposes said hollow core portion to the ambient environment, which provides broad and nearly immediate access of the core portion to gases and liquids in the ambient environment, thereby minimizing sensor response time. The ambient gases or liquids filling the hollow core portion and elongated opening function as a ridge and slab, respectively, of an optical ridge waveguide that effectively supports at least one bound optical mode.

Abstract: An optical waveguide environmental sensor is provided that is capable of detecting a target gas or liquid in the ambient environment in an advantageously short period of time. The waveguide is preferably in the form of an optical fiber having a cladding that contains a photonic band gap structure which in turn envelopes a light conducting, hollow core portion. The cladding further includes at least one elongated side opening that preferably extends the entire length of the fiber and exposes said hollow core portion to the ambient environment, which provides broad and nearly immediate access of the core portion to gases and liquids in the ambient environment, thereby minimizing sensor response time. The ambient gases or liquids filling the hollow core portion and elongated opening function as a ridge and slab, respectively, of an optical ridge waveguide that effectively supports at least one bound optical mode.