Abstract: A system for generating at least one remote virtual speaker location in connection with at least a partial reflective environment in combination with an audio speaker for creating multiple sound effects including a virtual sound source from the reflective environment which is perceived by a listener as an original sound source, by generating a primary direct audio output by emitting audio compression waves toward a listener, and generating a secondary indirect audio output from at least one virtual speaker remote from the audio speakers, by emitting ultrasonic sound from at least one parametric speaker associated with the audio speakers and oriented toward at least one reflective environment which is remote from the audio speakers, thereby indirectly generating sound from a reflective environment which is perceived as a virtual speaker, and synchronizing the primary audio output of the audio speakers with a secondary audio output from the at least one virtual speaker such that the listener hears a plurality o

Abstract: A system for generating at least one remote virtual speaker location in connection with at least a partial reflective environment in combination with an audio speaker for creating multiple sound effects including a virtual sound source from the reflective environment which is perceived by a listener as an original sound source, by generating a primary direct audio output by emitting audio compression waves toward a listener, and generating a secondary indirect audio output from at least one virtual speaker remote from the audio speakers, by emitting ultrasonic sound from at least one parametric speaker associated with the audio speakers and oriented toward at least one reflective environment which is remote from the audio speakers, thereby indirectly generating sound from a reflective environment which is perceived as a virtual speaker, and synchronizing the primary audio output of the audio speakers with a secondary audio output from the at least one virtual speaker such that the listener hears a plurality o

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a method and apparatus for eliminating audio feedback which includes an active microphone coupled to an amplifier which transmits signals received at the active microphone to a parametric speaker to generate a feedback controlled signal for broadcasting. The apparatus may also be adapted for use with an audio system wherein the invention comprises (i) at least one transducer for detecting at least one sonic frequency and generating an electrical signal representative of the at least one sonic frequency, (ii) a processor for receiving the electrical signal and generating a first ultrasonic frequency which has been modulated with the at least one sonic frequency, (iii) a parametric demodulator for recovering the at least one sonic frequency from the first ultrasonic frequency, and (iv) a speaker for directly emitting the recovered sonic frequency as a feedback controlled audio emission.

Abstract: An expandible antenna device comprising an expandible shell defining an interior chamber, wherein the shell is radially expandible from a central axis within the chamber; an elongated support structure disposed along the central axis and at least partially within the chamber; and an antenna element coupled to the shell such that the antenna is dimensionally stable when the shell is in an expanded position is disclosed. Additionally, an antenna element comprised of conductive elements joined by fluid filled bulbs or tubes wherein the fluid is capable of ionization is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a method and apparatus for eliminating audio feedback which includes an active microphone coupled to an amplifier which transmits signals received at the active microphone to a parametric speaker to generate a feedback controlled signal for broadcasting. The apparatus may also be adapted for use with an audio system wherein the invention comprises (i) at least one transducer for detecting at least one sonic frequency and generating an electrical signal representative of the at least one sonic frequency, (ii) a processor for receiving the electrical signal and generating a first ultrasonic frequency which has been modulated with the at least one sonic frequency, (iii) a parametric demodulator for recovering the at least one sonic frequency from the first ultrasonic frequency, and (iv) a speaker for directly emitting the recovered sonic frequency as a feedback controlled audio emission.

Abstract: A helicopter propulsion and control system configured for actuating a helicopter airframe according to control inputs of an operator, comprising a counter-rotating rotor set tiltably coupled to the airframe at a first location, the rotor set having a downward thrust vector and a power assembly configured to actuate the counter-rotating rotor set, having a center of gravity, and being fixedly coupled to the rotor set so as to be tiltable therewith, the center of gravity of said power assembly being disposed below the first location where the rotor set is tiltably coupled to the airframe and a control actuator operatively coupled between the power assembly and the airframe to enable the center of gravity of the airframe to move with respect to the center of gravity of the power assembly, and with respect to the thrust vector of the rotor set, whereby pitch and roll of the airframe are controllable by the operator.

Abstract: An ultralight coaxial dual rotor helicopter having a substantially L shaped frame. Attached to the back of the frame is a vertical shaft engine, and a pair of yaw paddles for controlling yaw of the craft. The drive shaft connects to a belt drive at the top of the frame, which transmits the engine power to a transmission and coaxial drive gear for driving the rotors. Crank actuators are provided for tilting the rotor axis to control the pitch and roll of the craft. A pilot seat and ballast tank are attached to the front of the frame. The ballast tank may be filled with a volume of water to balance the craft for the weight of the pilot. The fuel tank is located behind the pilot seat on the centerline of the helicopter, such that as fuel is used and the weight of fuel in the tank changes, the balance of the craft will not be affected. A simplified electronic control system controls all functions of the helicopter in response to pilot input.

Abstract: A sound emitting device for providing at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency as a by-product of emitting a waveform of at least two ultrasonic frequencies whose difference in value corresponds to the desired new sonic or subsonic frequency. The device includes a parametric emitting perimeter or plurality of emitter segments positioned around a central open section. This open section is structured with a diagonal width greater than a cross-sectional diagonal of the parametric emitting perimeter. An ultrasonic frequency signal source and sonic/subsonic frequency generator are coupled together to a modulating circuit for mixing an ultrasonic frequency signal with an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency. The modulator output is coupled to the emitting perimeter which comprises ultrasonic frequency emitting material for propagating the mixed waveform into air for demodulating the waveform to generate the at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency.

Abstract: An expandible antenna device comprising an expandable shell defining an interior chamber, wherein the shell is radially expandible from a central axis within the chamber; an elongated support structure disposed along the central axis and at least partially within the chamber; and an antenna element coupled to the shell such that the antenna is dimensionally stable when the shell is in an expanded position is disclosed. Additionally, an antenna element comprised of conductive elements joined by fluid filled bulbs or tubes wherein the fluid is capable of ionization is also disclosed.

Abstract: A speaker device comprising an electrostatic emitter film which is responsive to an applied variable voltage to emit sonic output based on a desired sonic signal, used in combination with at least a first foam member having a forward face, an intermediate core section and a rear face. The forward face is composed of a composition having sufficient stiffness to support the electrostatic film and includes conductive properties which enable application of a variable voltage to supply the desired sonic signal. The surface of the forward face includes small cavities having surrounding wall structure defining each cavity which terminates at contacting edges approximately coincident with the forward face of the foam member. The film is applied to the forward face of the foam member and biased in direct contact with the contacting edges of the forward face.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer which includes at least one stator member with an operating surface positioned adjacent to an emitter diaphragm. The stator member is comprised of at least one stiff sheet of paper having perforations for acoustic transparency. The stator also includes a means to develop electrical conductivity and to receive an applied voltage. An emitter diaphragm is suspended adjacent to and spaced a sufficient distance from the operating surface of the stator member to enable diaphragm oscillation in response to an applied signal voltage. This arrangement permits diaphragm movement within at least one emitter section without creating restrictive contact on the operating surface of the stator member. The diaphragm may be composed of paper with electrical conductivity sufficient to receive an acoustic signal voltage from a voltage source and to vibrate as an acoustic emitter with respect to forces applied at the stator member.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn toward a plasma antenna that is preferably reconfigurable, methods of generating plasma antennas, and a method of reconfiguring the radiation pattern of a plasma antenna. The plasma antenna is comprised of a) an enclosed chamber; b) a composition contained within the enclosed chamber capable of forming a plasma; c) at least three energizing points capable of forming electromagnetic contact with the composition; and d) an energy source coupled to the at three energizing points for developing at least one conductive path of plasma within the enclosed chamber. Preferably, a modifying mechanism may be utilized to reconfigure the conductive path.

Abstract: A sound emiting device for providing at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency as a by-product of emitting a waveform of at least two ultrasonic frequencies whose difference in value corresponds to the desired new sonic or subsonic frequency. The device includes a parametric emitting perimeter positioned around a central open section. This open section is structured with a diagonal width greater than a cross-sectional diagonal of the parametric emitting perimeter. An ultrasonic frequency signal source and sonic/subsonic frequency generator are coupled together to a modulating circuit for mixing an ultrasonic frequency signal with an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency. The modulator output is coupled to the emitting perimeter which comprises ultrasonic frequency emitting material for propagating the mixed waveform into air for demodulating the waveform to generate the at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency.

Abstract: A system for generating at least one remote virtual speaker location in connection with at least a partial reflective environment in combination with an audio speaker for creating multiple sound effects including a virtual sound source from the reflective environment which is perceived by a listener as an original sound source, by generating a primary direct audio output by emitting audio compression waves toward a listener, and generating a secondary indirect audio output from at least one virtual speaker remote from the audio speakers, by emitting ultrasonic sound from at least one parametric speaker associated with the audio speakers and oriented toward at least one reflective environment which is remote from the audio speakers, thereby indirectly generating sound from a reflective environment which is perceived as a virtual speaker, and synchronizing the primary audio output of the audio speakers with a secondary audio output from the at least one virtual speaker such that the listener hears a plurality o

Abstract: A sonic emitter, horn array with enhanced emitter-to-air acoustic coupling, with particular application to ultrasonic frequencies. The emitter comprises a plate support member having opposing first and second faces separated by an intermediate plate body. The plate body includes a plurality of conduits configured as an array of acoustic horns, with a small throat opening at the first face and an intermediate horn section which diverges to a broad mouth opening at the second face. An emitter membrane is positioned in direct contact with the first face and extends across the small throat openings. The emitter membrane is biased for (i) applying tension to the membrane extending across the throat openings and (ii) displacing the membrane into a non-planar configuration.

Abstract: A speaker device comprising an electrostatic emitter film which is responsive to an applied variable voltage to emit sonic output based on a desired sonic signal, used in combination with at least a first foam member having a forward face, an intermediate core section and a rear face. The forward face is composed of a composition having sufficient stiffness to support the electrostatic film and includes conductive properties which enable application of a variable voltage to supply the desired sonic signal. The surface of the forward face includes small cavities having surrounding wall structure defining each cavity which terminates at contacting edges approximately coincident with the forward face of the foam member. The film is applied to the forward face of the foam member and biased in direct contact with the contacting edges of the forward face.

Abstract: A method for providing multiple speaker locations around a listener in a room with a sound source at a single location.

Abstract: A speaker device has a first plate and a second plate disposed behind the first plate. A speaker membrane is disposed between the plates electrically coupled to a driver which supplies an electric signal causing the membrane to vibrate and create sound waves. The first and second plate have a first and second pattern, respectively, of regularly spaced and similarly sized openings. The openings of the first and second patterns may be similarly sized and spaced or the openings of the first pattern may be larger and spaced further apart than the openings of the second pattern. A support structure joins the first and second plates together in a fixed, spaced relationship and at a relative positional orientation, or at a relative rotational orientation. The orientation of the plates develops a repeating pattern of recurring geometric images.

Abstract: An electrostatic transducer having respective first and second stators, each having an interior surface, which are displaced and juxtaposed, and including a flexible diaphragm leaving a conductive layer and being operable as an electrostatic emitter. The diaphragm includes an emitter portion which is interposed between the respective interior surfaces of the first and second stators and is configured as a nonplanar film characterized by a continuous array of peaks and valleys. The emitter portion of the diaphragm is positioned adjacent, but substantially unattached to the respective interior surfaces of the first and second stators. The peaks of the emitter portion of the diaphragm may contact the interior surfaces, or may be displaced therefrom. Also disclosed is a method for generating audio output from an electrostatic transducer utilizing a nonplanar emitter portion of a flexible, film diaphragm.

Abstract: An electrostatic speaker device, comprising a first foam stator having an interior surface, and a second foam stator having an interior surface positioned adjacent to the interior surface of the first stator. The interior surfaces of the first and second foam stators include electrically conductive cellular structure sufficiently small in cell size to develop a substantially continuous electrostatic charge dispersion across the respective first and second interior surfaces. At least one diaphragm is disposed between the first and second foam stators and includes an electrically conductive layer responsive to electrostatic forces developed by the respective first and second stators.