Abstract: The structured body intended for use for an anode (1) in fuel cells, includes a structure formed by macro-pores and an electrode material. The macro-pores form communicating spaces which are produced by using pore forming materials. The electrode material includes skeleton-like or net-like connected structures of particles which are connected by sintering and which form two reticular systems which interengage: a first reticular system made of ceramic material and a second reticular system which contains metals to effect an electrical conductivity. The electrode material has the properties so that, with a multiple change between oxidizing and reducing conditions, substantially no major property changes occur in the ceramic reticular system, and an oxidization or reduction of the metals occurs in the second reticular system.

Abstract: The structured body intended for use for an anode (1) in fuel cells, includes a structure formed by macro-pores and an electrode material. The macro-pores form communicating spaces which are produced by using pore forming materials. The electrode material includes skeleton-like or net-like connected structures of particles which are connected by sintering and which form two reticular systems which interengage: a first reticular system made of ceramic material and a second reticular system which contains metals to effect an electrical conductivity. The electrode material has the properties so that, with a multiple change between oxidizing and reducing conditions, substantially no major property changes occur in the ceramic reticular system, and an oxidization or reduction of the metals occurs in the second reticular system.

Abstract: The structured body intended for use for an anode (1) in fuel cells, includes a structure formed by macro-pores and an electrode material. The macro-pores form communicating spaces which are produced by using pore forming materials. The electrode material includes skeleton-like or net-like connected structures of particles which are connected by sintering and which form two reticular systems which interengage: a first reticular system made of ceramic material and a second reticular system which contains metals to effect an electrical conductivity. The electrode material has the properties so that, with a multiple change between oxidizing and reducing conditions, substantially no major property changes occur in the ceramic reticular system, and an oxidization or reduction of the metals occurs in the second reticular system.

Abstract: Anode material for a fuel cell which is to be operated at a high temperature above 700° C.

Abstract: The porous, gas permeable layer substructure (5; 5a, 5b) for a thin, gas tight layer (89) can in particular be used as a functional component in high temperature fuel cells (8). This layer substructure has a smooth surface (50a) which is suitable for an application of the gas tight layer or a multi-layer system including the gas tight layer, with the application being carried out by means of a screen printing method or other coating methods. The smooth surface is formed by a compacted edge zone (50). The edge zone and a carrier structure (51) adjacent to this are made from sinterable particles of a uniform substance mixture. The porosity of the carrier structure is greater than 30 volume percent, preferably greater than 40 volume percent. The pore size of the edge zone is smaller than 10 ?m, preferably smaller than 3 ?m.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a cathode electrode, a solid oxide electrolyte, and an anode electrode having a first portion and a second portion, such that the first portion is located between the electrolyte and the second portion. The anode electrode comprises a cermet comprising a nickel containing phase and a ceramic phase. The first portion of the anode electrode contains a lower porosity and a lower ratio of the nickel containing phase to the ceramic phase than the second portion of the anode electrode.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a method of preparing an ink (P) which can be used for the manufacture of a functional layer (6), in particular for the manufacture of an electrode for fuel cells, which ink contains dispersely distributed particles (101, 102) forming two solid phases, with catalytic reactions being able to be activated in the manufactured functional layer on a gas/solid interface by a combined action of the two solid phases and with gaseous reactants. In a first step (1), the solid phases are formed as fine-grain particles (P1, P2) and the particles of both solid phases are dispersed in a first liquid (L1) in a mixed and homogeneously distributed manner (2).

Abstract: Anode material for a fuel cell which is to be operated at a high temperature above 700° C.

Abstract: A fuel cell having a solid electrolyte layer (12) forms together with two electrode layers (11, 13) a plate-like multiple layer system (1). The layers are applied by means of coating procedures to an open-pored, electrically conducting carrier structure (10) in the sequence anode (11), electrolyte (12) and cathode (13). This multiple layer system (1) has an outer edge which is exposed during a current generating operation of the fuel cell to an external environment (60) which contains molecular oxygen. The material of the carrier structure assumes an oxidized or a reduced state in thermodynamic equilibrium at the operating temperature of the fuel cell depending on the environment. The outer edge (16) of the multiple layer plate is covered over with an inert material. At the operating temperature of the fuel cell this edge covering (126) forms a barrier which inhibits or prevents the transport of molecular oxygen out of the external environment (60) into the carrier structure.

Abstract: The high temperature fuel cell includes a fuel side carrier structure (1), which includes an anode layer (1a) and which serves as a carrier for a thin, gas-tight sintered solid material electrolyte layer (2). This carrier is formed by a heterogeneous phase (1b) in which hollow cavities in the form of macro-pores and also micro-pores are contained. The heterogeneous phase includes two part phases which penetrate each other in interlaced manner. The first part phase consists of a ceramic material and the second part phase has metal, for which a redox cycle can be carried out with a complete reduction and renewed oxidation. The first part phase is composed of large and small ceramic particles (10, 11), from which inherently stable “burr corpuscles” (12, 13) are formed as islands in the heterogeneous phase. The second part phase produces an electrically conductive connection through the carrier structure in the presence of the reduced form of the metal.

Abstract: A method of preparing an ink (P) which can be used for the manufacture of a functional layer (6), in particular for the manufacture of an electrode for fuel cells, which ink contains dispersely distributed particles (101, 102) forming two solid phases, with catalytic reactions being able to be activated in the manufactured functional layer on a gas/solid interface by a combined action of the two solid phases and with gaseous reactants. In a first step (1), the solid phases are formed as fine grain particles (P1, P2) and the particles of both solid phases are dispersed in a first liquid (L1) in a mixed and homogeneously distributed manner (2).

Abstract: The structured body intended for use for an anode (1) in fuel cells, comprises a structure formed by macro-pores (100) and an electrode material (5). The macro-pores form communicating spaces which are produced by means of pore forming materials. The electrode material includes skeleton-like or net-like connected structures of particles (60, 70) which are connected by sintering and which form two reticular systems (6, 7) which interengage: a first reticular system (6) made of ceramic material and a second reticular system (7) which contains metals to effect an electrical conductivity. The electrode material has the properties that, with a multiple change between oxidising and reducing conditions, substantially no major property changes occur in the ceramic reticular system, on the one hand, and an oxidisation or reduction of the metals results in the second reticular system, on the other hand.

Abstract: The fuel cell battery, which contains a stack of planar cells, has the following features: a) Electrochemically active plates—so-called PENs—and interconnectors are arranged in an alternating sequence. b) The PENs and accordingly the interconnectors have in each case a first edge and a second edge, between which a straight or curved zone with a largely constant width extends. c) This zone is subdividable into sectors through which the two edges are connected. d) The interconnectors have profilings by means of which two fluids can be separately conducted through the cells. e) In each sector there are provided entry points for the first fluid at the first edge, entry points for the second fluid at the second edge as well as outlet points for both fluids. f) The outlet points open into a common passage. g) The second fluid is provided as a heat carrier medium for reaction heat which is liberated during an operation at the PEN.

Abstract: The porous, gas permeable layer substructure (5; 5a, 5b) for a thin, gas impervious layer (89) can in particular be used as a functional component in high temperature fuel cells (8). This layer substructure has a smooth surface (50a) which is suitable for an application of the gas impervious layer or a multi-layer system including the gas impervious layer, with the application being carried out by means of a screen printing method or other coating methods. The smooth surface is formed by a compacted edge zone (50). The edge zone and a carrier structure (51) adjacent to this are made from a uniform substance mixture of sinterable particles. The porosity of the carrier structure is greater than 30 volume percent, preferably greater than 40 volume percent. The pore size of the edge zone is smaller than 10 &mgr;m, preferably smaller than 3 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The fuel cell comprising a solid electrolyte layer (12) forms together with two electrode layers (11, 13) a plate-like multiple layer system (1). The layers are applied by means of coating procedures to an open pored, electrically conducting carrier structure (10) in the sequence anode (11), electrolyte (12) and cathode (13). This multiple layer system (1) has an outer edge which is exposed during a current generating operation of the fuel cell to an external environment (60) which contains molecular oxygen. The material of the carrier structure assumes an oxidized or a reduced state in thermodynamical equilibrium at the operating temperature of the fuel cell depending on the environment. The outer edge (16) of the multiple layer plate is covered over with an inert material. At the operating temperature of the fuel cell this edge covering (126) forms a barrier which inhibits or prevents the transport of molecular oxygen out of the external environment (60) into the carrier structure.

Abstract: The interconnector (1) for high temperature fuel cells is arranged between a first and a second planar electrochemically active element (2, 2′). In this it separates a chamber (41) containing a combustion gas from a chamber (51, 53) containing oxygen. A porous sinter body (10) of the interconnector has pores (101) which are at least partly sealed by a medium (11′). Through the sealing, a passage of gases between the named chambers (41, 51) is prevented.

Abstract: The method serves for the sealing of porous layers (10) at body surfaces (11), in particular of thermal spray layers of a ceramic coating material. Communicating capillary spaces (12) in the layer (10) have openings at the surface (11). A liquid (2) is used as a sealing medium which consists of a solvent and at least one oxidizable metal which is contained therein.

Abstract: The electrochemically active element (1) for a high temperature fuel cell is designed in the form of layers and comprises an anode layer (3), a cathode layer (4) and an electrolyte layer (2) which is arranged therebetween. The electrolyte is a ceramic material of zirconium oxide ZrO2 stabilised with yttrium Y which can additionally contain aluminium oxide Al2O3. The anode is manufactured from a power mixture through sintering on the electrolyte layer. This anode mixture contains the oxides NiO and CeO2 and can contain an oxide of the type A2O3, with for example A=Sm, Y, Gd and/or Pr. In accordance with the invention 0.5−5 mol/o CoO, FeO and/or MnO is or are to be added to the anode mixture in order to lower the sintering temperature of this mixture.

Abstract: The Perowskite is provided for the coating of interconnectors (1) which are used in high temperature fuel cells. Its composition can be described by the formula ABO3−&egr; with A=(E1−w Lnw−&dgr;) and B=(G1−z Jz). In this the following hold: E is an alkaline earth metal, preferably Sr or Ca, Ln is a lanthanide, preferably La or Y, G is a transition metal, preferably Mn, J is a second transition metal, preferably Co, w is a number which is greater than 0.1 and less than 0.5, preferably equal to 0.2, &dgr; is a positive or negative number, the absolute value of which is less than about 0.02, z is a number which is greater than 0.01 and less than 0.5, preferably equal to 0.2 and &egr; is a positive or negative number, the absolute value of which is less than about 0.5.

Abstract: The high temperature fuel cell with a thin film electrolyte has an electrochemically active element which is executed as a planar multi-layer structure. At least the electrolyte and cathode layers are deposited on a porous, gas-permeable carrier structure, by means of a thin film technique. The carrier structure is a sintered body of metal ceramic material which comprises a highly porous base layer as well as a fine pored cover layer of anode material placed on the base layer. The pores of the base layer are open with respect to one another and have an average diameter of the order of magnitude of at least about 300 .mu.m. The pores of the cover layer have diameters which are not substantially greater than 1 to 3 .mu.m. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the carrier structure is substantially the same as that of the solid electrolyte.