Abstract: A base station (BS) and a plurality of remote stations in a code-division-multiple access (CDMA) system employ spread-spectrum communication. The base station has a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver. A remote station has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The BS transmitter transmits a broadcast common-synchronization channel, which includes a frame-timing signal. The broadcast common-synchronization channel uses a common chip-sequence signal. An RS-spread-spectrum receiver receives the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and the RS determines frame timing from the frame-timing signal. In response, the associated RS-spread-spectrum transmitter transmits an access burst signal, including RS-preamble signals, RS-power-control signals, and RS-pilot signals, respectively, transmitted in time, at increasing power levels.

Abstract: A multi-clock matched filter for receiving signals with multipath. The signals may be modulated with a spread-spectrum spreading sequence, or other analog or digital signal. A number of signal registers store digital samples of the received signal. The gating of digital samples into each of the signal registers is controlled by a separate clock timing. The timing sequence may be derived from a common clock. A multiplexer sequentially selects each of the signal registers, and passes the respective content of each signal register to a matched filter. A number of delay-locked-loop circuits track each of the multipath signals, and generate the timing sequence for gating signal registers.

Abstract: An improvement to a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, with the CDMA system having a base station (BS) and a plurality of remote stations. The base station has a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver. A remote station has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The BS transmitter transmits a broadcast common-synchronization channel, which includes a frame-timing signal. The broadcast common-synchronization channel has a common chip-sequence signal, which is common to the plurality of remote stations. In response to the RS-spread-spectrum receiver receiving the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and determining frame timing from the frame-timing signal, an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter transmits an access-burst signal, which includes, RS-power-control signals, transmitted in time, at increasing power levels.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises a phase grating, an input-ring array, an output-ring array and an optical interconnect. The phase grating produces a modulated light beam for each of a plurality of processing elements. The modulated light beams have a plurality of light wavelengths. An input-ring array receives the plurality of data modulated light beams. An output-ring array outputs a light beam to each processing element. An optical interconnect transfers light from the input-ring array to the output ring array and uniquely rotates each wavelength of the transferred light.

Abstract: A mapping memory, for use with a transmitter, for mapping a first signal segment and a second signal segment of a packet so that each signal segment has the same average power level. Each signal segment is characterized by a different modulation format. The first signal segment might use BPSK, while the second signal segment might use QAM, having multiple amplitude levels.

Abstract: An improvement to a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, with the CDMA system having a base station (BS) with a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver, and a plurality of remote stations. Each remote station (RS) has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The improvement includes the steps of transmitting from the BS-spread-spectrum transmitter, a broadcast common-synchronization channel. The broadcast common-synchronization channel has a common chip-sequence signal common to the plurality of remote stations, and a frame-timing signal. The improvement includes receiving at a first RS-spread-spectrum receiver the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and determining frame timing from the frame-timing signal, and transmitting from a first RS-spread-spectrum transmitter an access-burst signal. The access-burst signal has a plurality of segments, which have a plurality of power levels.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises a 2D-spatial light modulator, an input-ring array, an output-ring array and an optical interconnect. The 2D-spatial light modulator produces a modulated light beam for each of a plurality of processing elements. The modulated light beams have a plurality of light wavelengths. An input-ring array receives the plurality of data modulated light beams. An output-ring array outputs a light beam to each processing element. An optical interconnect transfers light from the input-ring array to the output ring array and uniquely rotates each wavelength of the transferred light.

Abstract: A system and method for encoding and transmitting data with a spread-spectrum packet-switched system. Data to be transmitted by a packet transmitter are encoded for privacy and to restrict intelligent receipt of the data to the intended recipient. The encoded data is demultiplexed into sub-data-sequence signals which are spread-spectrum processed and then combined as a multichannel spread-spectrum signal. The multichannel spread-spectrum signal is concatenated with a header to output a packet-spread-spectrum signal which is transmitted over radio waves to a packet receiver. The packet receiver obtains timing for the multichannel spread-spectrum signal from the header. The multichannel spread-spectrum signal is then despread and multiplexed as received-encoded data. The received-encoded data is decoded by the intended recipient and stored in a receiver memory for output.

Abstract: A code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system provides a collision avoidance mechanism for packet communications. When mobile stations attempt to establish links with a base station, the base station selects one mobile station to transmit data over an intended uplink channel. The base station transmits a predetermined sequence, during the first frame of the data transmission over the downlink control channel that corresponds to the intended uplink channel. If several mobile stations detect or mis-perceive successful access attempts, those stations begin data transmissions via respective desired uplink channels. At the same time, the mobile stations listen for the known sequence over the various corresponding downlink channels. Upon successful detection of the known sequence, one mobile station continues transmission of its data over the intended channel. However, any contending mobile station that does not detect the known sequence on the appropriate downlink channel immediately stops its data transmission.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises a 2D-spatial light modulator, an input-ring array, an output-ring array and an optical interconnect. The 2D-spatial light modulator produces a modulated light beam for each of a plurality of processing elements. The modulated light beams have a plurality of light wavelengths. An input-ring array receives the plurality of data modulated light beams. An output-ring array outputs a light beam to each processing element. An optical interconnect transfers light from the input-ring array to the output ring array and uniquely rotates each wavelength of the transferred light.

Abstract: In a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, mobile stations initially seek access to a selected one of two or more groups of common packet channels (CPCHs) serviced through a base station. A second order collision resolution phase, conducted between the base stations and contending mobile stations, serves to allocate one or more available channels from the selected group of channels among the contending mobile stations. In the collision resolution phase, each mobile station randomly selects a collision detection (CD) signature and sends that signature in a CD preamble. For each available channel in the group, the base station assigns one of the mobile stations. For each assigned mobile station, the base station transmits a CD acknowledgement that corresponds to the CD preamble of the assigned mobile station and identifies the available channel assigned to that mobile station.

Abstract: An improvement to a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, with the CDMA system having a base station (BS) and a plurality of remote stations. The base station has a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver. A remote station has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The BS transmitter transmits a broadcast common-synchronization channel, which includes a frame-timing signal. The broadcast common-synchronization channel has a common chip-sequence signal, which is common to the plurality of remote stations. In response to the RS-spread-spectrum receiver receiving the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and determining frame timing from the frame-timing signal, an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter transmits an access-burst signal, which includes a plurality of RS-preamble signals, RS-power-control signals, and RS-pilot signals, respectively, transmitted in time, at increasing power levels.

Abstract: Data is transferred between a plurality of processors. A plurality of light beams is produced. The light beams have at a particular time a single wave length. The single wavelength is selected from a plurality of wavelengths. Each light beam is uniquely associated with a processor. Each processor selectively modulates data onto its light beam. At a particular time, the selected wavelength of the single wavelength and the processors modulating data onto their light beam is controlled. The plurality of light beams is received at an input ring array. The light beams from the input ring array are transferred to an output ring array. Each light beam is rotated. Each selected wavelength is uniquely associated with a particular rotation. A light beam is output to each processor from the output ring array.

Abstract: Data is transferred between a plurality of processors. A plurality of light beams is produced. The light beams have at a particular time a single wave length. The single wavelength is selected from a plurality of wavelengths. Each light beam is uniquely associated with a processor. Each processor selectively modulates data onto its light beam. At a particular time, the selected wavelength of the single wavelength and the processors modulating data onto their light beam is controlled. The plurality of light beams is received at an input ring array. The light beams from the input ring array are transferred to an output ring array. Each light beam is rotated. Each selected wavelength is uniquely associated with a particular rotation. A light beam is output to each processor from the output ring array.

Abstract: A spread-spectrum-matched-filter apparatus including a code generator, an in-phase-symbol-matched filter, a quadrature-phase-symbol-matched filter, an in-phase-frame-matched filter, a quadrature-phase-frame-matched filter, and a controller. The code generator generates replicas of a chip-sequence signal, which are used to set the symbol-impulse responses of the in-phase-symbol-matched filter and the quadrature-phase-symbol-matched filter. The in-phase-frame-matched filter and the quadrature-phase-frame-matched filter detect a despread-header-symbol-sequence signal and generate a maximum output signal which may be used as a data-start signal or for synchronizing the timing of the controller as to when to trigger sampling of the A/D converter, the output of the symbol-matched filters, detection of the data-symbol-sequence signal and other time-dependent processes.

Abstract: An improvement to a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, with the CDMA system having a base station (BS) and a plurality of remote stations. The base station has a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver. A remote station has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The BS transmitter transmits a broadcast common-synchronization channel, which includes a frame-timing signal. The broadcast common-synchronization channel has a common chip-sequence signal, which is common to the plurality of remote stations. In response to the RS-spread-spectrum receiver receiving the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and determining frame timing from the frame-timing signal, an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter transmits an access burst signal, which includes a plurality of RS-preamble signals, RS-power-control signals, and RS-pilot signals, respectively, transmitted in time, at increasing power levels.

Abstract: An optical interconnect transfers data between a plurality of processors. An input-ring array receivers a plurality of data modulated light beams. Each data modulated light beam has a plurality of light wavelengths and is associated with one of the processors. An output-ring array outputs a light beam to each processor. A plurality of prisms and optical element reflectors transfer light from the input-ring array to the output-ring array and uniquely rotates each wavelength of the transferred light.

Abstract: An improvement to a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system employing spread-spectrum modulation, with the CDMA system having a base station (BS) and a plurality of remote stations. The base station has a BS-spread-spectrum transmitter and a BS-spread-spectrum receiver. A remote station has an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter and an RS-spread-spectrum receiver. The BS transmitter transmits a broadcast common-synchronization channel, which includes a frame-timing signal. The broadcast common-synchronization channel has a common chip-sequence signal, which is common to the plurality of remote stations. In response to the RS-spread-spectrum receiver receiving the broadcast common-synchronization channel, and determining frame timing from the frame-timing signal, an RS-spread-spectrum transmitter transmits an access-burst signal. The BS-spread-spectrum transmitter, responsive to the BS-spread-spectrum receiver receiving the access-burst signal, transmits an acknowledgment signal.

Abstract: A code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) system provides a collision avoidance mechanism for packet communications. When mobile stations attempt to establish links with a base station, the base station selects one mobile station to transmit data over an intended uplink channel. The base station transmits a predetermined sequence, during the first frame of the data transmission over the downlink control channel that corresponds to the intended uplink channel. If several mobile stations detect or mis-perceive successful access attempts, those stations begin data transmissions via respective desired uplink channels. At the same time, the mobile stations listen for the known sequence over the various corresponding downlink channels. Upon successful detection of the known sequence, one mobile station continues transmission of its data over the intended channel. However, any contending mobile station that does not detect the known sequence on the appropriate downlink channel immediately stops its data transmission.

Abstract: In a cellular spread-spectrum communications network, a system and method for handing off a remote station from a source-base station to a target-base station without loss of data. The remote station receives a first spread-spectrum signal having a first signal quality from the source-base station and transmits data to the source-base station at a first data rate and a first power level. Responsive to monitoring the first signal quality and comparing the first signal quality to a plurality of signal qualities of a respective plurality of received-spread-spectrum signals, the remote station initiates handoff when any of a number of predetermined criteria are met. Upon initiating handoff to the target-base station, the remote station stores the data that would otherwise have been transmitted.