Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the contactless measurement of angles or angle modifications, distances or lateral displacements in objects. According to said method, an aperture is transilluminated by means of a ray bundle and after being reflected by a distant reflective element, which generates or is subjected to the angles, angle modifications or lateral displacements that are to be measured, is projected onto a detector surface by an optical system. The image of the aperture on the detector surface is captured, the position of the aperture image is determined in relation to a reference point on the detector surface and the measured value of the angle modification or lateral displacement is calculated using the distance of the centre of the image from the reference point. The invention also relates to an angle or height measuring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the contactless measurement of angles or angle modifications, distances or lateral displacements in objects. According to said method, an aperture is transilluminated by means of a ray bundle and after being reflected by a distant reflective element, which generates or is subjected to the angles, angle modifications or lateral displacements that are to be measured, is projected onto a detector surface by an optical system. The image of the aperture on the detector surface is captured, the position of the aperture image is determined in relation to a reference point on the detector surface and the measured value of the angle modification or lateral displacement is calculated using the distance of the centre of the image from the reference point. The invention also relates to an angle or height measuring device.

Abstract: An optical system for imaging the light from light sources having varying astigmatic differences of focus in different planes, having an optical element with an astigmatic effect and having an imaging lens system, the optical element having an astigmatic effect being provided with two lens components, the distance of which in the direction of the optical axis can be adjusted in order to correct astigmatic differences of focus varying from light source to light source and/or changing astigmatic differences of focus due to aging.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical system consisting of at least two partial systems. The partial systems can be adjusted relative to each other over an adjusting element which they abut over a sliding surface and can be fixed in place by glue. Here the adjusting element has the form of a cylinder and is positioned between the partial systems so that the optical axis of one partial system travels through the adjusting element parallel to the cylinder axis. One of the partial systems possesses sliding surfaces whose forms are matched to the form of the sliding surfaces which lie in the cylinder top surface of the adjusting element. The adhesion spots in the cylinder top surface are spread uniformly along the cylinder circumference.