Abstract: Process for recovering and moving refinery tar by the formation of oil in water dispersions of the above tar, the above dispersions having a water content of at least 20% by weight, and the dispersing agent being selected from salts of alkaline metals and ammonium, and relative mixtures, of the condensates of naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde, which comprises:

Abstract: Process for recovering and moving refinery tar by the formation of oil in water dispersions of the above tar, the above dispersions having a water content of at least 20% by weight, and the dispersing agent being selected from salts of alkaline metals and ammonium, and relative mixtures, of the condensates of naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde, which comprises:

Abstract: Process for recovering and moving highly viscous petroleum derivatives by the formation of aqueous dispersions in the presence of water with a salinity of more than 0.6% by weight, particularly from 1 to 15% by weight, with the use of hydrosoluble sulfonated dispersants, said process being characterized in that the above sulfonated dispersants have a content of the high molecular weight fraction, determined by SEC analysis (Size Exclusion Chromatography), of more than 4%.

Abstract: Process for recovering and causing highly viscous petroleum products to flow by means of an aqueous dispersion of the petroleum product, in which the dispersant is selected from alkali metal or ammonium salts of organic sulfonates having the following properties: (A) sulfur content of at least 10%; (B) water solubility at 20.degree. C. of at least 15% by weight; (C) decrease in water surface tension, at a concentration of 1% by weight, not higher than 10%.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a method for the photocatalytic treatment of aqueous mixtures of polluting substances. Such a method consists in submitting such mixtures to irradiation in the presence of titanium dioxide while they are circulating inside a reactor formed by a hollow space of not more than 5 cm of thickness, whose inner wall is the wall of a lamp emitting at least a fraction of its radiations with a wavelength shorter than 400 nm.In this reactor a cooling sheath is not provided between the lamp and the reaction mixture and temperature control is accomplished by means of the circulation of the same reaction mixture inside the reactor.

Abstract: The regeneration of active carbon onto which one or more organic substances may be adsorbed is achieved by means of a photodegrading process catalyzed by a semiconductor.

Abstract: The mixture from which sulphuric acid must be separated according to the present invention are those which derive from the sulphoxidation of (C.sub.12 -C.sub.8)-n-paraffins with SO.sub.2 and O.sub.2 in the presence of water and of U.V. light at a temperature comprised within the range of from 25 to 50.degree. C., after the removal of n-paraffins, which separate spontaneously, and of SO.sub.2 excess. In order to remove said sulphuric acid, the refined mixture, possibly diluted with water, is mixed with one or more halogenated solvents, the separation being obtained of water and sulphuric acid from the refined mixture, to the total mixture (with the two phases) a cosolvent is added, which is constituted by alcohols or ethers, with the separation being obtained of a phase constituted by H.sub.2 O and H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, which is removed. The residual organic phase, practically free from sulphuric acid, is submitted to the removal of solvents and cosolvents by means of conventional techniques.

Abstract: A method for purifying water containing pollutant mixtures is described, which uses a reactor containing a semiconductor as reaction catalyst and a lamp which emits radiation having a wavelength of less than 400 nm. The reactor, characterized in that its walls allow water and the pollutant substances to pass through, is immersed in the water to be purified so that the pollutants contained in it reach the reactor interior where they are adsorbed on the semiconductor activated by light radiation, and are then degraded.

Abstract: The purpose of the process of the present invention is to remove excess sulfuric acid from a mixture of paraffin-sulfonic acids free or substantially free, from paraffins.In order to remove said sulfuric acid, according to the process of the present invention, the paraffin-sulfonic acid mixture is mixed with one or more halogenated solvent(s), possibly in mixture with sulfuric acid to form a two phase mixture consisting of an organic phase containing paraffin-sulfonic acids dissolved therein and an aqueous phase substantially containing sulfuric acid. The organic phase is then treated with sulfuric acid and the organic phase and aqueous phase are then separated and the organic phase is submitted to evaporation, for the removal of the halogenated solvent(s), and with the concentrated paraffin-sulfonic acids being obtained.

Abstract: A single-phase, either isotropic or anisotropic formulation is disclosed, which contains perfluorinated oil and one or more surfactant(s), is useful as an excipient for cosmetic and dermatologic formulations and is characterized in that at least one surfactant is selected from those having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.F is an F--(CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2).sub.i -- group;X is a group selected from: ##STR2## --(CH.sub.2 --O).sub.K --; and --(CH.sub.2 --S).sub.K --; wherein R.sup.I is a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl;Y is a group selected from: NH.sub.2 (R.sup.II).sub.2 and N(R.sup.II).sub.4 ; wherein R.sup.II is a hydrogen atom, or a group selected from --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl;i is an integer comprised within the range of from 3 to 8;i is zero or 1;K is 2.l;l is an integer comprised within the range of from 1 to 10;m is 1 or 2.Such composition is spontaneously formed when the components are simply placed into contact with one another.

Abstract: The product is in the form of discrete particles or in the form of a layer comprising an electrode. It consists of a semi-conductor material subject to photo-corrosion, for example, cadmium sulphide. In order to prevent such photo-corrosion, the surface of the semi-conductor material, which is intended to be illuminated, is covered with a transparent layer of RuO.sub.2, IrO.sub.2 or a mixture of RuO.sub.2 and IrO.sub.2.The product may be used for the conversion of solar energy into electric energy or into a fuel such as hydrogen.

Abstract: Hydrogen and elemental sulphur are produced by irradiation by visible light of solutions of hydrogen sulphide or of metal sulphides in presence of a catalyst consisting of a semiconductor material, such as cadmium sulphide, coated with a transparent layer of ruthenium oxide.