Abstract: A combustion system includes a combustion chamber. A fan is connected to the combustion chamber. The fan has a spin velocity. A burner is adjacent the combustion chamber. The burner defines one or more flame openings. Each flame opening has a cross section. An obstacle is associated with each of the one or more flame openings. Each obstacle is within the combustion chamber. A mixture of fuel gas and air having a mixture temperature is discharged at a discharge velocity from the one or more flame openings. A flame is positioned along the burner substantially detached from the one or more openings. A flame position sensor senses the position of the flame and generates a flame position signal based on the sensed position of the flame. A control processor maintains the flame around a prefixed optimum position by controlling a characteristic variable quantity of the mixture based on the flame position signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for heating fluids which includes a combustion chamber (20) in which the head (21c) of the burner with the burner openings (39) for the flames is juxtaposed with a wall (21a, 21b) of the chamber itself separating this latter from the lower portion of the apparatus; in the event of flammable substances being present in the environment surrounding the apparatus, these can enter the combustion chamber only through the openings (39) and the similar slots (50) formed in the wall (21a, 21b). This enables the ignition element (25) to ignite these substances as soon as they enter the chamber (20), thus preventing the formation of unwanted explosive or flammable mixtures in the chamber (20) and thereby contributing to the safety of the apparatus.

Abstract: The apparatus consists basically of an atmospheric burner, a combustion chamber, and means for creating a vacuum within the combustion chamber. To provide optimum combustion using different gases from one gas family, means for detecting at least one apparatus temperature and means for controlling the primary air flow according to the temperature detected are provided. Various applications are described wherein the temperature is measured at the surface of a burner diffuser and the primary air is controlled to keep the temperature below a critical value and the flame stable. For improved operation at the ignition stage, the flow rate of the primary air is set at a comparatively low predetermined starting value.

Abstract: A gas burner of the type in which a inflammable mixture is caused to flow out of a diffuser, is formed of a plurality of parallel slots separated by grid elements, and distributed into a pair of grids separated by an elongate screen extending between the two grids. The burner includes at least one elongate slot extending perpendicular to said screen along the width of said grid pair, perpendicular to the screen, near the grids, and adapted to take up relative dimensional variations of said screen and the grid elements brought about by differential heatings of the screen and the burner walls surrounding the diffuser.

Abstract: In a method of combustion designed to achieve a further reduction in harmful emissions, especially of NOx and CO, which is viable at advantageously reduced noise levels and lower cost with any burner of a type comprising a slotted or pierced diffuser of thin sheet metal in receipt of fully or partly mixed gas and air supplies, typically in appliances comprising a heat exchanger such as the boilers of central heating systems, the essential steps are: a) supplying a uniform flow of fuel-air mixture to the slots; b) discharging the mixture from a pierced surface of substantially doughnut geometry comprising a slotted peripheral area (Ap) and an essentially solid central area (Ac) of prescribed proportions; c) bringing combustion to completion in a slender lamellar flame; d) regulating the rate of aeration to a value between 0.9 and 1.4, or e) to values less than 1.6; f) effecting a recycle of post-combustion gases.

Abstract: The process obtains a plurality of small flames which become violet when combusting natural gas. In particular the amount of primary air induced is at least 80% of the air stoichiometrically required for combustion; the secondary air laps all sides of each singly small flame arising from the small group of slots on the burner body, in the area where each flame leaves the surface of the burner body so as to swell it making its width at least as big as its height and/or alternatively the contact surface between each flame and the secondary air is increased right from the first steps in combustion, so that each small group creates a small flame with two divergent bladed wings, similar to "butterfly wings.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming pipe fitting components, in particular for the manufacture of three-piece unions made of steel and formed by cold deformation operations, by subjecting lengths of tubes cut to size to stresses substantially applied in an axial direction by the use of dies designed for acting upon at least a portion of the wall of the connecting pieces to be formed. The pipe fitting components obtained by the above process are made of steel and have peculiar features as to their size and shape.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for bending tubular bodies, wherein elemental tubular sections are gradually shifted with respect to each other, without rotation, in a V-shaped bend from a central bend section. The apparatus includes two slidingly fitted supports for housing the tubular body to be bent, and a central triangular presser acting between the supports on the central tube section. The supports are gradually moved by the presser in opposite directions to define the tube sections that are actually shifted.