Patents by Inventor Eric Bakker
Eric Bakker has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20150226695Abstract: The invention relates to a flux based ion selective electrode sensing device for biological molecules or substances. The device comprises an ion selective sensor, an incorporated passive flux of the ion and biological recognition element. The device measures the change in flux away from the sensor of the ion fluxing out of the sensor upon binding of the analyte on the sensor surface by means of the biological recognition element.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2013Publication date: August 13, 2015Inventors: Eric Bakker, Hugo Achiel J. Bohets, Kristien Simonne Raymonda Bonroy, Marcin Milosz Marczak, Mahir Sinan Ă–zdemir, Dirk Andre Emmy Roymans, Koen Jeroom Vanhoutte
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Publication number: 20150177183Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical method using a permselective membrane for detection of ions in a sample. The permselective electrode includes a lipophilic reagent such as a neutral ionophore or an ion exchanger and a lipophilic ion, the lipophilic reagent being in molar excess relative to the lipophilic ion. The present invention further relates to electrode and electrochemical cell apparatus containing said permselective membrane. The permselective electrode can be used for dynamic electrochemical measurements such as chronopotentiometry.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 25, 2013Publication date: June 25, 2015Applicant: UNIVERSITE DE GENEVEInventors: Eric Bakker, Gaston Crespo, Majid G. Afshar
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Patent number: 8242203Abstract: A composition comprising a pH indicator, a polymerizable group, and a spacer therebetween. The polymerizable group can be acrylate or methacrylate and the spacer can be an oxyalkayl group, an oxypropyl group, or an oxybenzoyl group. The composition can be polymerized to copolymers to form indicating polymers and optodes.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 2006Date of Patent: August 14, 2012Inventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin
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Publication number: 20120118762Abstract: A sensing device for the determination of ions in a thin layer sample (32) comprising: a first (12) and second (14) ion selective electrode, each having a first (16) and second layer (20); the first layer (16) of the first ion selective electrode (12) being a polymeric membrane layer in electrical contact with the second layer (20) of the first ion selective electrode (12), and the first layer (18) of the second ion selective electrode (14) being a polymeric membrane layer in electrical contact with the second layer (20) of the second ion selective electrode (14); the first and second ion selective electrodes being positioned in opposing arrangement such that, the respective polymeric membrane layers are in direct contact with a thin layer sample (32) containing ions, located between the first and second electrodes; and a detector (28) in electrical connection with the first (12) and second (14) ion selective electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 2010Publication date: May 17, 2012Applicant: Curtin University of TechnologyInventor: Eric Bakker
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Patent number: 8097135Abstract: The present invention is directed to a reversible electrochemical sensor for polyions. The sensor uses active extraction and ion stripping, which are controlled electrochemically. Spontaneous polyion extraction is suppressed by using membranes containing highly lipophilic electrolytes that possess no ion-exchange properties. Reversible extraction of polyions is induced by constant current pulse of fixed duration applied across the membrane. Subsequently, polyions are removed by applying a constant stripping potential. The sensors provide excellent stability and reversibility and allow for measurements of heparin concentration in whole blood samples via protamine titration. The sensors can also monitor a polyion concentration and an enzyme activity, wherein the polyion decomposition is directly proportional to the enzyme activity in a sample. Additionally, the sensors can monitor an enzyme inhibitor activity.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2006Date of Patent: January 17, 2012Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Eric Bakker, Alexey Shvarev
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Long lived anion-selective sensors based on a covalently attached metalloporphyrin as anion receptor
Patent number: 7678252Abstract: A graft copolymer having metalloporphyrin ionophores covalently attached in a manner that prevents dimer formation is provided. A method of making the graft copolymer comprises polymerizing a functionalized metalloporphyrin monomer, which includes a polymerizable group, with a co-monomer. Methods for synthesizing the polymerizable metalloporphyrin monomers are provided. The graft copolymer can be incorporated into anion-selective membranes for use in anion-detecting sensors, which have improved longevity and response times.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 2006Date of Patent: March 16, 2010Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin -
Patent number: 7651858Abstract: This invention provides methods of using ion-detecting microspheres containing an ionphore and a chromoionphore in clinical laboratory instrumentation such as flow cytometry for sample analysis. In one embodiment, the microspheres are contacted with a flowing stream of a sample under conditions that allow the ion-selective ionophores to complex with the ions in the sample, and to cause deprotonation of the chromoionophore. The complexes are then exposed to an excitation wavelength light source suitable for exciting the deprotonated chromoionophore to emit a fluorescence signal pattern. Detection of the fluorescence signal pattern emitted by the deprotonated chromoionophore in microspheres containing the complexes allows for determination of the presence of the target ions in the sample. In one embodiment, lead ion-detecting microspheres are provided that can detect nanomolar levels of lead ions with response times on the order of minutes.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2007Date of Patent: January 26, 2010Assignees: Auburn University, Beckman Coulter, Inc.Inventors: Eric Bakker, Martin Telting-Diaz, Mike Bell
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Patent number: 7553403Abstract: The present invention is directed to a reversible electrochemical sensor for polyions. The sensor uses active extraction and ion stripping, which are controlled electrochemically. Spontaneous polyion extraction is suppressed by using membranes containing highly lipophilic electrolytes that possess no ion-exchange properties. Reversible extraction of polyions is induced by constant current pulse of fixed duration applied across the membrane. Subsequently, polyions are removed by applying a constant stripping potential. The sensors provide excellent stability and reversibility and allow for measurements of heparin concentration in whole blood samples via protamine titration.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2004Date of Patent: June 30, 2009Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Eric Bakker, Alexey Shvarev
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Publication number: 20080182056Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel monodispersed hollow microsphere particles having a general shell-core structure with a monodispersity of from about 0.1% to about 50%, a diameter in the range of from about 3 ?m to about 30 ?m and a shell thickness of from about 0.1 ?m to about 5 ?m. The particles generally have a hydrophobic exterior shell matrix and a hydrophilic interior core, wherein the interior core may further comprise a number of materials or a cargo. Also disclosed are micro sensors comprising the hollow microsphere particles, methods for forming the sensors, as well as methods for using the sensors.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2007Publication date: July 31, 2008Inventors: Eric Bakker, Katarzyna Wygladacz, Nan Ye, Chao Xu
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Publication number: 20080173846Abstract: This invention provides methods of using ion-detecting microspheres containing an ionphore and a chromoionphore in clinical laboratory instrumentation such as flow cytometry for sample analysis. In one embodiment, the microspheres are contacted with a flowing stream of a sample under conditions that allow the ion-selective ionophores to complex with the ions in the sample, and to cause deprotonation of the chromoionophore. The complexes are then exposed to an excitation wavelength light source suitable for exciting the deprotonated chromoionophore to emit a fluorescence signal pattern. Detection of the fluorescence signal pattern emitted by the deprotonated chromoionophore in microspheres containing the complexes allows for determination of the presence of the target ions in the sample. In one embodiment, lead ion-detecting microspheres are provided that can detect nanomolar levels of lead ions with response times on the order of minutes.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 17, 2007Publication date: July 24, 2008Applicants: Auburn University, Beckman Coulter, Inc.Inventors: Eric Bakker, Martin Telting-Diaz, Mike Bell
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Publication number: 20070259997Abstract: A composition comprising a pH indicator, a polymerizable group, and a spacer therebetween. The polymerizable group can be acrylate or methacrylate and the spacer can be an oxyalkayl group, an oxypropyl group, or an oxybenzoyl group. The composition can be polymerized to copolymers to form indicating polymers and optodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 10, 2006Publication date: November 8, 2007Inventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin
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Patent number: 7247489Abstract: This invention provides methods of using ion-detecting microspheres containing an ionphore and a chromoionphore in clinical laboratory instrumentation such as flow cytometry for sample analysis. In one embodiment, the microspheres are contacted with a flowing stream of a sample under conditions that allow the ion-selective ionophores to complex with the ions in the sample, and to cause deprotonation of the chromoionophore. The complexes are then exposed to an excitation wavelength light source suitable for exciting the deprotonated chromoionophore to emit a fluorescence signal pattern. Detection of the fluorescence signal pattern emitted by the deprotonated chromoionophore in microspheres containing the complexes allows for determination of the presence of the target ions in the sample. In one embodiment, lead ion-detecting microspheres are provided that can detect nanomolar levels of lead ions with response times on the order of minutes.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2003Date of Patent: July 24, 2007Assignees: Auburn University, Beckman Coulter, Inc.Inventors: Eric Bakker, Martin Telting-Diaz, Mike Bell
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Patent number: 7226563Abstract: Plasticizer-free ion-detecting sensors for detecting a target ion in a sample are provided. The sensor comprises a plasticizer-free copolymer comprised of polymerized units of methacrylate monomers and a polymerizable ion exchanger, wherein the methacrylated monomers have pendent alkyl groups of different length and wherein the functionalized ion-exchanger is grafted into the copolymer through covalent linkages. The ion exchanger comprises a C-derivative of a halogenated closo-dodecacarborane anion having a polymerizable moiety. Sensors of this invention include carrier-based ion-selective electrodes or optodes such as thin film ion-specific optodes, particle-based optodes, or bulk optodes.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 2004Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin
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Patent number: 7208121Abstract: A plasticizer-free ion detective sensor for detecting a target ion in a sample is provided. The sensor comprises a copolymer of methacrylate monomers with pendant alkyl groups of different length, and an ionophore for detecting the target ion. The copolymer matrix of the present invention may be in a form of membrane or particles. The sensors of the present invention may be Carrier-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) or optodes such as thin film ion-specific optodes or particle-based optodes. The ionophore may be a target ionophore selective for a target ion H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, or Mg2+. The ion detective sensor of the present invention may further include an ion exchanger such as halogenated carboranes. Also provided is an ion detective sensor comprising halogenated carboranes as ion exchangers. Particularly, trimethylammonium-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 undecabromocarborane (TMAUBC) is used as ion exchangers.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2002Date of Patent: April 24, 2007Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Shane Peper, Yu Qin, Eric Bakker
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Patent number: 7201876Abstract: Ion-detecting sensors for detecting a target ion in a sample are provided. The sensor comprises a plasticizer-free copolymer comprised of polymerized units of methacrylate monomers having pendent alkyl groups of different length and a functionalized ionophore of said ion, wherein at least a portion of the functionalized ionophore is grafted into the copolymer through covalent linkages. Sensors may comprise ionophores such as hydrophilic crown ethers or functionalized derivative of 3-oxapentandiaminde-type ionophores. This invention further provides sensors for detecting target ions in a sample, comprising plasticizer-free molecularly imprinted polymers, wherein the polymers comprise polymerized units of methacrylate monomers having pendent alkyl groups of different length and a functionalized ionophore of said ion. In particular, a magnesium ion sensor comprising a functionalized derivative of a 3-oxapentandiaminde-type calcium ion-selective ionophore is provided.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2003Date of Patent: April 10, 2007Assignee: Auburn UniversityInventors: Shane Peper, Yu Qin, Eric Bakker
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Long Lived Anion-Selective Sensors Based on a Covalently Attached Metalloporphyrin as Anion Receptor
Publication number: 20060278526Abstract: A graft copolymer having metalloporphyrin ionophores covalently attached in a manner that prevents dimer formation is provided. A method of making the graft copolymer comprises polymerizing a functionalized metalloporphyrin monomer, which includes a polymerizable group, with a co-monomer. Methods for synthesizing the polymerizable metalloporphyrin monomers are provided. The graft copolymer can be incorporated into anion-selective membranes for use in anion-detecting sensors, which have improved longevity and response times.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 14, 2006Publication date: December 14, 2006Inventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin -
Publication number: 20060240560Abstract: A sensor for determining the concentration of a target ion in a liquid sample having a particulate silica doped with: an ionophore capable of binding the target ion; and an indicator capable of producing a detectable signal in response to binding by the ionophore of the target ion. The detectable signal is related to the target ion concentration in the liquid sample.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2006Publication date: October 26, 2006Inventors: Eric Bakker, Chao Xu, Katarzyna Wygladacz
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Publication number: 20050023153Abstract: The present invention is directed to a reversible electrochemical sensor for polyions. The sensor uses active extraction and ion stripping, which are controlled electrochemically. Spontaneous polyion extraction is suppressed by using membranes containing highly lipophilic electrolytes that possess no ion-exchange properties. Reversible extraction of polyions is induced by constant current pulse of fixed duration applied across the membrane. Subsequently, polyions are removed by applying a constant stripping potential. The sensors provide excellent stability and reversibility and allow for measurements of heparin concentration in whole blood samples via protamine titration.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 8, 2004Publication date: February 3, 2005Inventors: Eric Bakker, Alexey Shvarev
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Publication number: 20050011760Abstract: Plasticizer-free ion-detecting sensors for detecting a target ion in a sample are provided. The sensor comprises a plasticizer-free copolymer comprised of polymerized units of methacrylate monomers and a polymerizable ion exchanger, wherein the methacrylated monomers have pendent alkyl groups of different length and wherein the functionalized ion-exchanger is grafted into the copolymer through covalent linkages. The ion exchanger comprises a C-derivative of a halogenated closo-dodecacarborane anion having a polymerizable moiety. Sensors of this invention include carrier-based ion-selective electrodes or optodes such as thin film ion-specific optodes, particle-based optodes, or bulk optodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 28, 2004Publication date: January 20, 2005Inventors: Eric Bakker, Yu Qin
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Publication number: 20040058384Abstract: This invention provides methods of using ion-detecting microspheres containing an ionphore and a chromoionphore in clinical laboratory instrumentation such as flow cytometry for sample analysis. In one embodiment, the microspheres are contacted with a flowing stream of a sample under conditions that allow the ion-selective ionophores to complex with the ions in the sample, and to cause deprotonation of the chromoionophore. The complexes are then exposed to an excitation wavelength light source suitable for exciting the deprotonated chromoionophore to emit a fluorescence signal pattern. Detection of the fluorescence signal pattern emitted by the deprotonated chromoionophore in microspheres containing the complexes allows for determination of the presence of the target ions in the sample. In one embodiment, lead ion-detecting microspheres are provided that can detect nanomolar levels of lead ions with response times on the order of minutes.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 7, 2003Publication date: March 25, 2004Applicant: Auburn UniversityInventors: Eric Bakker, Martin Telting-Diaz, Mike Bell