Abstract: A digitally encrypted audio signal may be transmitted with an analog television signal. Access to the analog television video signal may be controlled by using graphics overlay techniques. The use of digital encryption techniques on the audio channel prevents improper interception.

Abstract: A system for receiving and processing digital video information such as a digital television broadcast, includes a modular platform which receives a plurality of hot pluggable cards. The platform is coupled by a high data rate graphics bus to a digital television display. The bus may provide encrypted information to prevent piracy of the video. Because the platform is modular in design, upgrades to the digital video system may be easily implemented using hot pluggable technology without changing the display. Thus, advances in electronics may be incorporated into the platform without necessitating that the owner replace the display.

Abstract: A MEMS directional sensor system capable of determining direction from a microphone to a sound source over a wide range of frequencies is disclosed. By utilizing a parallel filter bank that relies on a slow wave structure in a MEMS device, such as described herein, a very small microphone, on the order of a few micrometers, can be designed with unsurpassed ability to detect a sound source location.

Abstract: An atomic clock may include substantially isolated particles that are capable of exhibiting hyperfine transitions. An alignment device of the clocks may establish a predominant direction of spin of the particles. The clocks may include an excitation device to, at regular intervals of time, cause the particles to undergo the hyperfine transitions by exciting the particles. A detection device of the clocks may detect the hyperfine transitions of the particles. In an aspect, the particles may be included in a layer over a substrate. In an aspect, the detection device may include a magnetoresistive sensor. In an aspect, the atomic clock may fit within one cubic millimeter. Methods of making the atomic clocks and systems in which the atomic clocks may be employed are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a low magnetic-coercivity layer of material (LMC layer) having a majority electron-spin-polarization (M-ESP), an energy-gap coupled with the LMC layer, wherein a flow of spin-polarized electrons having an electron-spin-polarization anti-parallel to the LMC layer are injected via the energy-gap, to change the M-ESP of the LMC layer. A non-magnetic material is in electrical communication with the LMC layer and provides a spin-balanced source of current to the LMC layer, responsive to the injection of spin-polarized electrons into the LMC layer.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for optically sorting and/or manipulating carbon nanotubes by creating an optical dipole trap with a focused light source (e.g., a laser) are described in detail herein. In one representative embodiment, light from the light source may be directed onto a mixture of carbon nanotubes, the mixture including a target class of carbon nanotubes having dimensions (e.g., length and diameter) corresponding to particular electronic properties suitable for an application. By identifying a resonant condition corresponding to the target class of carbon nanotubes, and tuning the light source substantially to the resonant condition, an optical dipole trap may be created to attract carbon nanotubes of the target class to allow manipulation and/or sorting of the target class of carbon nanotubes from the mixture, or rotation of the nanotubes via rotation of a plane of polarization of the light, in an embodiment.

Abstract: Alloy memory structures and methods are disclosed wherein a layer or volume of alloy material changes conductivity subsequent to introduction of a electron beam current-induced change in phase of the alloy, the conductivity change being detected using current detection means such as photon-emitting P-N junctions, and being associated with a change in data bit memory state.

Abstract: A system for writing data to and reading data from a magnetic semiconductor memory utilizing a spin polarized electron beam. The magnetic semiconductor memory comprises a plurality of storage locations, each storage location includes a magnetic material and a layer of semiconductor material capable of emitting photons. The method of reading data from the magnetic semiconductor memory comprising steps of directing a spin-polarized electron beam at the magnetic semiconductor memory, and detecting the light emission state of the semiconductor layer from the magnetic semiconductor memory.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a low magnetic-coercivity layer of material (LMC layer) having a majority electron-spin-polarization (M-ESP), an energy-gap coupled with the LMC layer, wherein a flow of spin-polarized electrons having an electron-spin-polarization anti-parallel to the LMC layer are injected via the energy-gap, to change the M-ESP of the LMC layer. A non-magnetic material is in electrical communication with the LMC layer and provides a spin-balanced source of current to the LMC layer, responsive to the injection of spin-polarized electrons into the LMC layer.

Abstract: Nuclear spin resonance (NSR) clock arrangements.

Abstract: A wireless device, such as a remote control unit, may include an internal fingerprint identification unit. The fingerprint identification unit may be arranged to capture the user's fingerprint when the user's finger is positioned over a button that is substantially radiation transmissive. Radiation directed at the user's finger through the button may be captured for image analysis and ultimately for fingerprint identification. Thus, the device may be used to identify users who wish to access a processor-based system such as a processor-based television receiver.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for optically sorting and/or manipulating carbon nanotubes by creating an optical dipole trap with a focused light source (e.g., a laser) are described in detail herein. In one representative embodiment, light from the light source may be directed onto a mixture of carbon nanotubes, the mixture including a target class of carbon nanotubes having dimensions (e.g., length and diameter) corresponding to particular electronic properties suitable for an application. By identifying a resonant condition corresponding to the target class of carbon nanotubes, and tuning the light source substantially to the resonant condition, an optical dipole trap may be created to attract carbon nanotubes of the target class to allow manipulation and/or sorting of the target class of carbon nanotubes from the mixture, or rotation of the nanotubes via rotation of a plane of polarization of the light, in an embodiment.

Abstract: The methods and compositions disclosed herein concern highly diverse, novel labels comprising carbon nanotubes of discrete lengths and/or diameters. In certain embodiments, the nanotube labels may be attached to oligonucleotide or similar probes for use in DNA sequencing. Upon excitation, for example by an electron beam or UV laser, the carbon nanotubes exhibit distinguishable emission spectra. The nanotube labels are not limited to DNA sequencing, but rather are of use in any application where large numbers of distinguishable labels are desirable. Novel methods for production of carbon nanotubes and apparatus for detection of nanotubes are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method includes determining a first transfer function that characterizes a distortion introduced by a serial bus. A filter is designed to substantially cancel the distortion introduced by the first transfer function, and a signal is transmitted to the serial bus through the filter.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for optically sorting and/or manipulating carbon nanotubes by creating an optical dipole trap with a focused light source (e.g., a laser) are described in detail herein. In one representative embodiment, light from the light source may be directed onto a mixture of carbon nanotubes, the mixture including a target class of carbon nanotubes having dimensions (e.g., length and diameter) corresponding to particular electronic properties suitable for an application. By identifying a resonant condition corresponding to the target class of carbon nanotubes, and tuning the light source substantially to the resonant condition, an optical dipole trap may be created to attract carbon nanotubes of the target class to allow manipulation and/or sorting of the target class of carbon nanotubes from the mixture, or rotation of the nanotubes via rotation of a plane of polarization of the light, in an embodiment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a UWB radio utilizing MEMS filtering is described. The method described includes receiving a pulse signal from a transmission station. Once received, a delay line including one or more taps is driven with the pulse signal. Once the pulse signal exits the delay line, the delay line is sampled at each of the taps to determine a time delay and amplitude of each echo in the pulse signal. These steps are repeated for each pulse signal received until a delay/amplitude map of the transmission channel between the stations is complete. Using the echo map, a time delay and amplitude of each echo indicated by the map is determined synthetic and recursive anti-echoes. Accordingly, when transmitting or receiving a signal over the channel, anti-echoes are combined with the signal in order to eliminate channel echoes in a received signal.

Abstract: A system for generating a digital output signal representing a captured image includes a sensor for capturing the image and generating a sensor output signal. A gain control amplifier is coupled to the sensor and receives the sensor output signal. The gain control amplifier has controls for applying various levels of gain to the sensor output signal. An analog-to-digital converter is coupled to the gain control amplifier and generates the digital output signal representing the captured image. A processor is coupled to the analog-to-digital converter and the gain control amplifier. The processor provides a control signal to the gain control amplifier for adjusting the level of gain applied by the amplifier.

Abstract: A display device or a receiver device for use with coherent light. A controller applies phase shift values to a multi-region phase array at a frequency sufficiently higher than the flicker fusion rate of the human eye or other intended receiver in order to remove the perception of speckling artifacts which would otherwise appear due to the coherency of the light.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for optically sorting and/or manipulating carbon nanotubes by creating an optical dipole trap with a focused light source (e.g., a laser) are described in detail herein. In one representative embodiment, light from the light source may be directed onto a mixture of carbon nanotubes, the mixture including a target class of carbon nanotubes having dimensions (e.g., length and diameter) corresponding to particular electronic properties suitable for an application. By identifying a resonant condition corresponding to the target class of carbon nanotubes, and tuning the light source substantially to the resonant condition, an optical dipole trap may be created to attract carbon nanotubes of the target class to allow manipulation and/or sorting of the target class of carbon nanotubes from the mixture, or rotation of the nanotubes via rotation of a plane of polarization of the light, in an embodiment.

Abstract: A video data stream is re-encoded using motion vectors from a prior encoding operation. The video data may be enhanced by the system. Information about the enhancement, along with the decoded motion vectors, is sent to encoding circuitry. Information provided to the encoder may be tailored to the type of video data received or to the type of enhancement performed, or based on other criteria.