Abstract: A receiver has a first (12) and a second radio system (14). The first radio system (12) is a zero-power system and the second radio system (14) can either be in an active-state or in an off-state. The first radio system (12) is designed to bring the second radio system (14) from an off-state back into an active state upon receipt of a dedicated radio signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to editing of video information signals recorded on a record carrier, such as an optical record carrier are edited in an internal memory of the edit apparatus. Editing results in an edited stream of information, which includes a bridging fragment. Prior to recording the bridging fragment on the record carrier, the edited stream of video information around the edit point is made visible by retrieving the edited stream of video information directly from the internal memory, so as shorten the time required to make the edited stream of information visible on a display screen.

Abstract: The invention relates to editing of video information signals recorded on a record carrier, such as an optical record carrier (3). The editing is carried out in an internal memory of the edit apparatus. Editing results in an edited stream of information, which includes a bridging fragment. Prior to recording the bridging fragment on the record carrier, the edited stream of video information around the edit point is made visible by retrieving the edited stream of video information directly from the internal memory, so as shorten the time required to make the edited stream of information visible on a display screen.

Abstract: The invention relates to editing of video information signals recorded on a record carrier, such as an optical record carrier (3). The editing is carried out in an internal memory of the edit apparatus. Editing results in an edited stream of information, which includes a bridging fragment. Prior to recording the bridging fragment on the record carrier, the edited stream of video information around the edit point is made visible by retrieving the edited stream of video information directly from the internal memory, so as shorten the time required to make the edited stream of information visible on a display screen.

Abstract: A device for deriving an ancillary signal from a compressed digital video signal (e.g. MPEG), wherein the ancillary signal includes selected parts of the main signal, for example, the DC coefficients of I-pictures, or the unscrambled parts, which parts can be used for display in a (multi-) picture-in-picture television receiver, or as an "appetizer" in order to encourage the user to pay a subscription fee, is described. The ancillary signal can separately be recorded in digital video recorders so as to assist the user in finding the beginning of a scrambled program on tape. The ancillary signal can also be generated at the transmitter end and transmitted at a low bit rate. A decoder for decoding such an ancillary signal is considerably simpler and less expensive than a full-spec MPEG decoder. A decoding method is also described.

Abstract: A perceptron device has processing elements arranged in an input layer, one or more hidden layers, and an output layer. The training method of the perceptron device uses the back propagation method. In order to increase learning speed, the learning rate for the updates of a particular processing element is a function f(M,N,K) of the number N of inputs to that element, the number K of outputs of that element, and the number N of inputs to the next layer. Function f increases with increasing M, and decreases with increasing K and N.

Abstract: An image processing pipeline system and method utilizes a cascade of data processing modules for processing a stream of pixel data units organized in successive groups, which are presented to the system input, the groups being separated from one another by time slots consisting of dead time intervals produced, for example, by line or frame fly-back. The modules are controlled by control signals produced by sampling circuit type characteristic circuits in response to control pulses from a control signal source. The control signals applied to the modules are in synchronism with the presence of data units at the system input, and are absent during the dead time intervals. In order to avoid loss of information due to processing delays if data transport between the modules takes place during an occurrence of a dead time interval, a monitoring circuit stops or pauses processing by the modules during that time interval of data units to reach the system input prior to the interval.

Abstract: Arrangements for recording and reproducing datareduced videoinformation are described. The recording arrangement comprises a datareduction unit (3) and a formatting unit (4). The formatting unit (4) generates packets (P.sub.i) each having a first, second and third packet portion (PP.sub.1, PP.sub.2 and PP.sub.3). The first packet portion comprises a sync word (SW) and an identification word. The second packet portion comprises datareduced videoinformation of a first and a second datablock (MB.sub.0, MB.sub.1). A datablock comprises DC coefficients (DC.sub.i) and most significant and least significant AC coefficients (MAC.sub.i, LAC.sub.i). The videoinformation comprised in the first and the second datablock are stored in the second packet portion (PP.sub.2), such that the DC coefficients of the first datablock (DC.sub.0) are stored first, the plurality of most significant AC coefficients (MAC.sub.0) of the first datablock are stored next, the DC coefficients of the second datablock (DC.sub.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining the presence of a predetermined pattern in a spatial field. The invention involves selecting a collection of amplitude values on the basis of location within a multivalued-amplitude field and arranging sequences of amplitude values in order of their magnitude. Amplitude values occurring at predetermined ranks are chosen as characteristic quantities representative of the portion of the field under consideration. By inter-relating a plurality of these characteristic quantities, pattern recognition is accomplished. Preferably rank value filters are employed for producing the characteristic quantities.

Abstract: To generate quickly the several carry signals in a full adder circuit (for example a 40-bit circuit), the circuit is divided into a plurality of sub-circuits of a first type, in which complementary imaginary carry signals are generated parallel to each other. Carry look-ahead circuits are of a dual construction, each first carry look-ahead circuit receiving a logic "0" and each second carry look-ahead circuit receiving a login "1". So the generated imaginary carry signals are complementary, from which the carry signal proper is selected with the aid of a multiplex switch. The multiplex switch is controlled by the carry signal generated in a preceding sub-circuit of the first type. Since a multiplex switch operates faster than 3-bit or 4-bit wide carry look-ahead circuits, which operate in parallel in groups, the carry signals are consequently generated faster.

Abstract: A method of generating a two-dimensional image representing a three-dimensional scene is describerd. The method comprises: (a) storing a set of foreground pixel data and at least one set of background pixel data, each such set defining a color and a depth for each pixel of the image; (b) selectively modifying the stored foreground and background data in response to a series of input pixel data defining color and depth for a series of pixels of the image; and (c) forming output pixel data by combining the stored foreground and background color for each pixel in proportions defined by a mixing value associated with that pixel.

Abstract: A pipeline system which is suitable for the processing of data accompanied by data identifying signals comprises interconnected modules which process the data and which controllably transfer the data to one another. Data processing in a module introduces a delay of the data. For correct data processing in a module, the data identifying signals must be in synchronism with the data. In a pipeline system in accordance with the invention, the data identifying signals are applied in parallel to all modules, these signals being delayed in a module by a delay means until the data whereto the signals relate have reached the relevant module. The foregoing has the advantage that the number of connections between the modules is reduced.

Abstract: A data transmission system comprising a control unit, a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter and receiver being connected by a transmission line for the serial transmission of a series of data words in a sequence of subsequent data bits. The control unit is provided with a word select signal generator for generating a two level word select signal for selecting, under control of a level change, a data word to be transmitted. The time length between two successive level changes of the word select signal is variable.

Abstract: An image processing device for two-dimensional raster images is described. The receiving means thereof are followed by a sub-sampling circuit (28) for increasing the pitch of the raster received in accordance with an adjustable scale. To the sub-sampling circuit there are connected a buffer (30, 32) and a correlation circuit (36, 38) for comparing a number of columns of pixels with a reference image. The comparison result is subjected to a logic operation. The device is suitable for modular use and may include a growth circuit for converting rasters portions onto one color or brightness when a predetermined minimum number of pixels therein contains the relevant color or brightness, respectively.

Abstract: An integrated data processor which includes a multiplier element provided with non-symmetrical operand inputs and an arithmetic and logic unit which is connected to the output of the multiplier element by way of a connection over the full product width. The ALU also comprises an accumulator device. Multiple-precision operations can thus be performed on the quantities received on each of the two inputs of the multiplier element. The data processor is notably suitable for performing each time identical operations on sequentially arriving signal quantities.

Abstract: A device for binarizing an image consisting of grey values by means of a dynamically adjusted black/white discrimination threshold comprises:a. a generator (74) for determining a discrimination threshold each time for a first local sub-set of pixels;b. an edge detector (90) for determining a local edge between darker and lighter pixels from a second local sub-set of pixels, associated with a first local sub-set of pixels, in order to form an accept signal, and otherwise a reject signal; andc. a discriminator (64) for presenting, on the basis of a grey value and the relevant discrimination threshold, alternatively a black or a white signal.

Abstract: A device for recognizing overall patterns of digital signals which are arranged according to at least one coordinate comprises: first storage means for the storage of a pattern to be presented for comparison; a window device for selecting a local pattern of a number of digital signals from the overall pattern; a stepping mechanism for coordinate-wise adjustment of the window device over a step; a gradient determining device for determining, for predetermined coordinate values within the window, the absolute value of the coordinate-wide gradient of the values of the digital signals prevailing at said coordinate values; a moment generator for receiving these absolute values, for determining the moment therefrom with respect to a focussing point of the window, and for generating an output signal when a predetermined minimum value of said moment is reached in order to indicate the reaching of a local maximum in said coordinate-wise gradient; second storage means for the storage of a number of reference patterns;