Abstract: A system for casting electrodes includes a row of stationary, adjacent, plate casting molds flanked by a launder containing molten metal and a walking beam conveyor. One or two travelling carriages straddle the molds, launder and conveyor. A travelling carriage comprises a pair of rotary dippers, a pair of tipping/dispensers and electrode lifting device. Each dipper scoops a predetermined amount of molten metal from the launder and, while rotating, discharges it into a dispenser. When filled, the dispensers simultaneously tip to fill a mold from both sides of a mold center line over substantially the full length of parallel sidewall portions of the mold, whereby wave action is dampened and molten metal solidifies with even thickness and without flash. The bottom of the mold is water-cooled during casting.

Abstract: Molten metals or alloys are poured into a stationary plate mold from at least one elongated pouring device such that melt overflows the length of the mold. The pouring energy is dissipated by flowing the elongated flow from one stationary device against an energy dissipating plate adjacent the pouring device in proximity to either one of the mold center lines such that the flow forms two balanced streams on the bottom of the mold. Alternatively, an elongated flow is poured from each of two stationary pouring devices positioned in opposing directions along the opposite sidewalls of the mold. Alternatively, the two pouring devices may move from one of the mold center lines towards the sidewalls while pouring molten metal. The pouring energy is dissipated by flowing two of the balanced streams formed on the bottom of the mold towards each other. The dissipation of pouring energy results in the substantial elimination of wave action and flash whereby castings with an even thickness are produced.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the agitation of base metal on alloy melts, and for the agitation and alloying of base metal melts with at least one alloying metal. A rotatable device is suspended in a melt of base metal and the device is rotated to draw at least a partial vortex in the melt. The device comprises a hollow cylinder having an open top and a closed bottom. An array of openings in the cylinder side wall is adapted to allow melt of the base metal to pass through. In the agitation of a base metal or alloy melt, the amount of dross formed on the melt is reduced. In alloying, the at least one alloying metal may be added directly to the melt or may be added in particulate form into the vortex in the device, the latter being particularly useful when the melting point of the alloying metal is higher than that of the base metal or alloy.

Abstract: A rotatable device is suspended in a melt of zinc and the device is rotated to draw a vortex in the melt. The device comprises a hollow cylinder having an open top and a closed bottom. An array of openings in the cylinder side wall is adapted to allow zinc melt to pass through. Nickel is added in particulate form into the vortex in the device. The openings in the cylindrical wall are adapted to retain the nickel particulates in the device to be washed with molten zinc until the particulates are substantially dissolved. The temperature is kept at a minimal value, i.e., no superheat is required to dissolve the nickel homogeneously throughout the zinc melt. After the nickel is dissolved, the nickel-zinc melt is solidified in zinc slabs. The zinc slabs containing nickel have narrow standard deviations from their specification.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conveying and stripping electro-deposited metal sheets from cathode plates. A plurality of stations including a feed station, initial horizontal parting station, main vertical stripping station, replacement station, and discharge station are sequentially arranged within the stripping apparatus and cathode plates having metal sheet deposits thereon are conveyed through the apparatus by means of a reciprocating transfer carriage in combination with supporting slide bars and indexing means.Metal sheet deposits are stripped in a fast, simple and efficient manner by using closed entry horizontal knives to effect initial parting of each deposit and vertical stripping knives to remove the deposits from the two sides of the cathode plate without clamping of the cathode plate while controlling cathode plate sway. Liberated metal sheets are quickly removed from the apparatus and stripped cathode plates are conveyed from the apparatus at a discharge station.