Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a first lagoon having an inlet for receiving wastewater to be treated and a first vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the first lagoon to the first marsh cell. A second lagoon has an inlet for receiving water from the first marsh cell outlet and a second vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the second lagoon to the second marsh cell. At least a portion of the water exiting the second marsh cell outlet can be recycled to the first lagoon. The first and the second lagoon are adapted to function essentially aerobically and to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto. The first and the second marsh cell are adapted to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a first lagoon having an inlet for receiving wastewater to be treated and a first vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the first lagoon to the first marsh cell. A second lagoon has an inlet for receiving water from the first marsh cell outlet and a second vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the second lagoon to the second marsh cell. At least a portion of the water exiting the second marsh cell outlet can be recycled to the first lagoon. The first and the second lagoon are adapted to function essentially aerobically and to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto. The first and the second marsh cell are adapted to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment zones including a first reactor for supporting biofilms for reducing a concentration of organics and solids from wastewater to be treated and for cyclically nitrifying and denitrifying the wastewater therein. A second reactor is for supporting biosolids, the supporting means including elements for digesting suspended solids in water exiting the first reactor. A portion of the water exiting the second reactor is recycled to the first reactor.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a first lagoon having an inlet for receiving wastewater to be treated and a first vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the first lagoon to the first marsh cell. A second lagoon has an inlet for receiving water from the first marsh cell outlet and a second vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the second lagoon to the second marsh cell. At least a portion of the water exiting the second marsh cell outlet can be recycled to the first lagoon. The first and the second lagoon are adapted to function essentially aerobically and to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto. The first and the second marsh cell are adapted to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a fixed-film reactor. Water then flows to a hydroponic reactor, in which aquatic plants are suspended atop the liquid for achieving aquatic-root-zone treatment. A filtration device removes any remaining suspended solids following the hydroponic reactor. Recycling may occur to the fixed-film reactor to enhance nitrogen removal from one or both of the hydroponic reactor and the filtration device.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a tidal, sequential vertical flow marsh cell system having at least three marsh cells in serial forward fluid communication. Incoming wastewater to be treated is channeled to at least the first and a second marsh cell, and a portion of water exiting a final marsh cell, to the first marsh cell surface. Each marsh cell is alternately flooded and drained for enhancing aeration of incoming water and marsh cell contents, which include media and plant roots having biofilms growing thereon, the biofilms including a population of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, for achieving substantially simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the wastewater.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a first lagoon having an inlet for receiving wastewater to be treated and a first vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the first lagoon to the first marsh cell. A second lagoon has an inlet for receiving water from the first marsh cell outlet and a second vertical flow marsh cell having a bottom outlet. Water can be transported from the second lagoon to the second marsh cell. At least a portion of the water exiting the second marsh cell outlet can be recycled to the first lagoon. The first and the second lagoon are adapted to function essentially aerobically and to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto. The first and the second marsh cell are adapted to contain plants having roots positioned to contact water flowing thereinto.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a fixed-film reactor. Water then flows to a hydroponic reactor, in which aquatic plants are suspended atop the liquid for achieving aquatic-root-zone treatment. A filtration device removes any remaining suspended solids following the hydroponic reactor. Recycling may occur to the fixed-film reactor to enhance nitrogen removal from one or both of the hydroponic reactor and the filtration device.