Abstract: A process for the preparation of self-crosslinking, cathodic electrocoating binders by reacting polyether-polyols, which may or may not contain thio groups, with semi-blocked diisocyanates or partially blocked polyisocyanates, wherein the reaction products (A), containing blocked isocyanate groups, are reacted with a polyamine (B), some of whose amino groups may or may not be in the form of ketimine groups, in such a way that one or more amino groups of the polyamine (B) form a urea group with a blocked isocyanate group of the reaction product (A), and the self-cross-linking reaction product of (A) and (B) is converted into a water-dilutable form in the conventional manner by protonization with an acid.The coating binders prepared according to the invention may be used for cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: Adducts obtained by reacting an epoxide compound with guanidine or a guanidine derivative, using not less than 1 mole of guanidine or guanidine derivative per epoxide equivalent of the epoxide compound; the adducts may or may not be partially or completely neutralized by adding acid, and may additionally contain blocked isocyanate groups.The novel adducts may be used, in combination with a completely blocked polyisocyanate, aminoplast resin and/or phenoplast resin, as binders in coating agents, and for the cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: Surface-coating binders based on a reaction product of Mannich bases, obtained from polyhydric phenols, secondary amines and formaldehyde, with epoxy resins. The Mannich bases and/or the epoxy resins carry hydroxyl groups, bonded to aliphatic structures, which have been converted to urethane groups by reaction with partially blocked polyisocyanates. When protonized and diluted with water, the surface-coating binders may be used as cationic electrocoatings.

Abstract: Cathodic electrocoating binders based on polycondensation products which contain amino groups and which are, at least partially, in the form of their ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium salts.The polycondensation products containing amino groups are obtained by adduct formation of p-hydroxyacetophenone with polymers containing epoxide groups, followed by reaction of these adducts with formaldehyde and a secondary amine.The electrocoating binders of the invention may be used for coating metallic substrates and give coatings which are particularly corrosion-resistant and adhere particularly firmly.

Abstract: Pigment formulations and their use.The formulations contain pigments, organic solvents and from 10 to 80% by weight of a wetting agent consisting of a non-ionic organic compound which has a viscosity of from 500 to 10,000 mPa.s and has been produced by reacting an alkylated amide/formaldehyde reaction product and an epoxy resin, which may or may not be modified, in a weight ratio of from 9:1 to 1:9. They are used as additives in surface-coating binders, especially in cationic electrocoating finishes.

Abstract: Surface-coating binders for cathodic electrocoating which comprise a protonized heat-curable reaction product (A), substantially free from epoxide groups, of(a) one or more Mannich bases, prepared from(a.sub.1) one or more polyhydric condensed phenols which may or may not contain ether groups.(a.sub.2) one or more secondary amines which contain one or more hydroxyalkyl groups, with or without one or more secondary amines which do not contain such groups, and(a.sub.3) formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor, with(b) one or more epoxy resins,Which binder also contains from 1 to 40% by weight, based on the total of (A) + (B), of a water-insoluble non-ionic resin (B), free from epoxide groups and containing urethane groups, which resin has been obtained by reacting a partially blocked diisocyanate or higher polyisocyanate with a reaction product of a polyepoxide and one or more low molecular weight compounds containing SH and/or OH groups.

Abstract: Polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous suspension in the presence of free-radical initiators of short half-life at pH's below 8. The temperature of the reactor wall must not be more than 20.degree.C above the temperature of the polymerization mixture during the heat-up phase and it must be lower than the temperature of the polymerization mixture during the subsequent polymerization phase. This procedure suppresses the formation of incrustations in the reactor.